تأثیر 8 هفته تمرین هوازی در آب بر نیمرخ لیپیدی، گلوکز، مقاومت به انسولین و آپولیپوپروتئین A و B در زنان یائسه دارای اضافه وزن

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه آسیب‌شناسی ورزشی و حرکات اصلاحی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: دوران یائسگی به دلیل کاهش سطوح استروژن با افزایش درصد چربی و به‌ویژه چربی احشایی همراه است و این امر با خطر ابتلاء به بیماری­های قلبی - عروقی ارتباط مستقیم دارد؛ لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر 8 هفته تمرین هوازی در آب بر نیمرخ لیپیدی، گلوکز، مقاومت به انسولین و آپولیپوپروتئین A و B در زنان یائسه انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی شده در سال 1393 بر روی 26 زن یائسه در دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. آزمودنی­ها به­طور تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و تمرین قرار گرفتند. گروه تجربی به مدت 8 هفته در تمرینات ورزشی هوازی در ‏آب شرکت کردند. از روش سه نقطه­ای و دستگاه سنجش ترکیب بدن و معادله هما به ترتیب، جهت تعیین درصد چربی، شاخص توده بدنی و مقاومت به انسولین استفاده شد؛ همچنین از کیت­های مربوطه جهت ارزیابی مقادیر کلسترول، لیپوپروتئین کم چگال و پرچگال، تری گلیسرید، آپولیپوپروتئین A و B استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون‌های کولموگروف اسمیرنوف، تی وابسته و تی مستقل انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی­دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته­ها: تمرین هوازی منظم در آب، باعث کاهش معنی­دار سطوح آپولیپوپروتئین A (001/0=p)، آپولیپوپروتئین B (019/0=p)، LDL (06/0=p)، کلسترول تام (03/0=p)، گلوکز (038/0=p) و مقاومت به انسولین (003/0=p) و افزایش معنی­دار HDL (015/0=p) گردید؛ همچنین در این گروه TG (72/0=p) نیز کاهش یافت که از نظر آماری معنی­دار نبود. در گروه کنترل نیز سطوح آپولیپوپروتئین A (029/0=p) و B (026/0=p) به­طور معنی­داری کاهش یافت؛ افزایش معنی­دار سطوح TG (027/0=p) و افزایش غیر معنی­دار کلسترول تام (30/0=p) و گلوکز (80/0=p) در گروه کنترل مشاهده شد. مقاومت به انسولین (61/0=p) در این گروه کاهش یافت که معنی­دار نبود.
نتیجه‌گیری: هشت هفته تمرین هوازی در آب، منجر به بهبود برخی عوامل خطرساز قلبی - عروقی در زنان یائسه دارای اضافه وزن می‌شود و این‌گونه تمرینات جهت پیشگیری از ابتلاء به بیماری تصلب شرایین و بیماری‌های قلبی عروقی توصیه می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of eight weeks of aquatic aerobic training on lipid profile, Glucose, Insulin resistance and Apoprotein A and B in overweight postmenopausal women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ziba Shoorideh 1
  • Nahid Bijeh 2
  • Nahid Khoshraftar Yazdi 3
1 M.Sc. in Sports Physiology, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mahhad, Iran.
2 Associated Professor of Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mahhad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Department of Sport Pathology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Ferdowsi university of Mashhad, Mahhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Menopausedue to low estrogen levels is associated with an increased fat percentage and particularly visceral fat and it is directly related to the risk of coronary heart diseases; So, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aquatic aerobic training on lipid profile, Glucose, Insulin resistance and Apoprotein A and B in overweight postmenopausal women.
Materials and Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 26 postmenopausal women at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2014. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of Control and Exercise. The experimental group participated in Aquatic aerobic training for eight weeks. The three-point method and body composition device, as well as the Homa equation were used to determine the fat percentage, body mass index and insulin resistance, respectively. The related kits were also utilized for evaluation of cholesterol, low and high density lipoprotein, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A and B values. Analyze of data was done by SPSS software (version 16) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, dependent t-test and independent t-test. The value of p was considered significant as less than 0.05.
Results: Regular aquatic aerobic training caused a significant decrease in levels of apolipoprotein A (p=0.001) and apolipoprotein B (p=0.019), LDL (p=0.06), total cholesterol (p=0.03), glucose (p=0.038) and insulin resistance (p=0.003) and a significant increase in HDL (p=0.015); in this group, TG also decreased which was not significant (p=0.72). In Control group, levels of apolipoprotein A (p=0.029) and B (p=0.026), declined significantly; in this group, it was observed an significant increase in TG levels (p=0.027) and insignificant increase in total cholesterol (p=0.30) and glucose (p=0.80); insulin resistance decreased which was not significant (p=0.61).
Conclusion: The results indicate that eight weeks of aquatic aerobic training caused an improvement in some cardiovascular risk factors in overweight postmenopausal women and this kind of training is recommended to prevent the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aquatic aerobic training
  • lipid profile
  • Glucose
  • insulin resistance
  • Apolipoprotein A
  • B
  • Postmenopausal women

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 20، شماره 8
آبان 1396
صفحه 89-100

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