بررسی عوامل مرتبط با شدت تهوع و استفراغ در دوران بارداری و نحوه کنترل آن توسط زنان باردار در شهر همدان سال 1393

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبتهای مادر و کودک، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

2 استاد گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

3 کارشناس مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: تهوع و استفراغ می‌تواند موجب کاهش کیفیت زندگی در زنان باردار شود. شناخت عوامل مرتبط و نحوه تسکین آن می‌تواند در مراقبت از زنان باردار نقش مهمی ایفا کند، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین عوامل مؤثر بر شدت تهوع و استفراغ در دوران بارداری و نحوه کنترل آن توسط مادران انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه توصیفی در سال 1393 بر روی 160 زن باردار با سن بارداری 20-6 هفته و حاملگی تک‌قلو مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشتی ‌درمانی شهر همدان انجام شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه­ محقق ساخته با سؤالاتی در مورد مشخصات فردی، باروری و نحوه کنترل تهوع و استفراغ و پرسشنامه بررسی تهوع و استفراغ بارداری جمع‌آوری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون دقیق فیشر انجام شد. میزان  pکمتر از 05/0 معنی­دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس نتایج مطالعه،شدت تهوع و استفراغ در 79 نفر (4/49%) خفیف، در 75 نفر (9/46%) متوسط و در 6 نفر (7/3%) شدید بود. سن مادر، شغل مادر، سن بارداری و اوقات شبانه‌روز با شدت تهوع و استفراغ ارتباط معناداری داشتند (05/0p<). 89 نفر (2/56%) از واحدهای پژوهش به دنبال راه چاره برای تخفیف شدت بیماری با استفاده از دارو و ترکیبات گیاهی بودند. ویتامین B6 و عرق نعنا بیشترین مصرف را داشتند. 80 نفر (50%) از زنان به‌دلیل نگرانی از آسیب به جنین از هیچ دارویی استفاده نکرده بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: متغیرهایی مانند سن مادر، شغل مادر، سن بارداری و زمان وقوع تهوع و استفراغ در طول روز، با شدت تهوع و استفراغ ارتباط دارند. ویتامین B6 و عرق نعنا، بیشترین مصرف را برای تسکین تهوع و استفراغ دوران بارداری داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the factors related to severity of nausea and vomiting during Pregnancy and how it is controlled by pregnant Women in Hamadan, 2014

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soodabeh Aghababaei 1
  • Ali Reza Soltanian 2
  • Shokoufeh Sharifi 3
  • Elnaz Torkzaban 3
  • Mansoureh Refaei 1
1 Assistant professor, Department of Reproductive Health, Mother and Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
3 B.Sc. of Midwifery, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting can reduce the quality of life of pregnant women. Identifying the related factors and how we can relieve them can play an important role in the care of pregnant women. Therefore, the present study was conducted with aim to determine the factors affecting the severity of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy and how it is controlled by mothers.
Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 160 pregnant women with gestational age of 6-20 weeks and single pregnancy who had referred to Hamadan health centers in 2014. Data were collected by using the researcher-made questionnaire including the questions about demographic characteristics, fertility, how to control nausea and vomiting, and the questionnaire of assessing nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and Fisher Exact test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: According to the results of the study, the severity of nausea and vomiting was mild in 79 cases (49.4%), moderate in 75(46.9%) and severe in 6 (3.7%). Maternal age, mother's occupation, gestational age and time of day were associated with severity of nausea and vomiting (P<0.05). 89 (56.2%) of the research units were looking for a remedy for their problem by using of herbal compounds and medicine. Vitamin B6 and mint extract were most used. 80 (50%) of women did not use any medicines due to their fear of injury to the fetus.
Conclusion: Variables such as maternal age, mother's occupation, gestational age and time of occurrence of nausea and vomiting during the day were related to the severity of nausea and vomiting. Vitamin B6 and Mint extract had the most intake for relieving nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Control
  • Nausea
  • Pregnancy
  • Vomiting

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 21، شماره 11
بهمن 1397
صفحه 23-31

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