مقایسه تأثیر دو روش آموزش سنتی (چهره به چهره) و آموزش مبتنی بر مدل فرآیند موازی توسعه‌یافته بر آگاهی از عوارض چاقی قبل بارداری در زنان با شاخص توده بدنی بالا

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 مربی گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استاد گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

5 دانشیار گروه تغذیه، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: چاقی قبل از بارداری مادر، یک عامل خطر مستقل جهت پیامدهای سوء بارداری محسوب می‌شود. افزایش آگاهی و ایجاد حساسیت نسبت به این پیامدها، اولین ­گام جهت ارتقای رفتارهای پیشگیرانه در این افراد می­باشد. مدل فرآیند ­موازی­توسعه ­یافته در پیشگیری از رفتارهای پرخطر بهداشتی از طریق افزایش آگاهی، حساسیت و خودکارآمدی افراد به عنوان مدلی موفق شناخته شده است، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه تأثیر دو روش آموزش سنتی (چهره­به‌چهره) و آموزش مبتنی بر مدل فرآیند ­موازی ­توسعه­ یافته بر آگاهی از عوارض چاقی قبل­ بارداری در زنان با شاخص توده ­بدنی بالا انجام شد.
روش­کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی ­بالینی با نمونه­گیری چند مرحله­ای تصادفی در سال 1394 بر روی 60 نفر ­از زنان مراجعه‌کننده به دو مرکز بهداشت شهر مشهد جهت مشاوره قبل بارداری انجام شد. برای گروه آزمون دو جلسه آموزشی مبتنی بر مدل توسط محقق انجام شد و گروه کنترل نیز توسط مراقبین سلامت آموزش مرسوم (چهره­به­چهره) را دریافت کردند. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها پرسشنامه سازه­های مدل و آگاهی زنان از خطرات وزن بالا قبل از بارداری بود که قبل مداخله، 2 و 4 هفته بعد از مداخله تکمیل شد. تجزیه­ و­ تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون‌های آماری تی مستقل، کای‌دو، من‌ویتنی و آنالیز واریانس با داده‌های تکراری انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته­ها: میانگین نمره آگاهی در قبل از مداخله بین دو گروه اختلاف معنی­داری نداشت (05/0<p)؛ اما بعد از مداخله، افزایش معنی­داری در نمره آگاهی گروه آزمون نسبت به گروه کنترل به‌ترتیب در 2 هفته (001/0>p) و 4 هفته بعد از مداخله (001/0>p) مشاهده شد.
نتیجه­گیری: آموزش مبتنی بر مدل فرآیند ­موازی ­توسعه­ یافته می­تواند در ارتقای آگاهی زنان با شاخص توده بدنی بالا موفق­تر از روش مرسوم (چهره‌به­چهره) عمل کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of traditional Training (face to face) with Extended parallel process model (EPPM)- based Training on knowledge of obesity complications before pregnancy in women with high BMI

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyade Zahra Mostajabi 1
  • Nahid Jahani Shourab 2
  • Masoume Kordi 3
  • Habibollah Esmaeli 4
  • Mohsen Nematy 5
1 M.Sc. student of Midwifery Counseling, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Instructor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
5 Associate Professor, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Pre-pregnancy obesity is an independent risk factor for adverse consequences of pregnancy. Increased awareness and sensitivity toward these consequences is the first step to promote preventive behaviors in this population. Extended parallel process model (EPPM) is known as a successful model in the prevention of health risky behaviors through raising awareness, sensitivity and self-efficacy of the people. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to compare traditional training (face to face) with Extended parallel process model (EPPM)-based Training on knowledge of obesity complications before pregnancy in women with high BMI.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed with Multi-stage random sampling on 60 women referred to two health centers in Mashhad for pre-pregnancy counseling in 2015. For the experimental group, two training sessions were done by the researcher based on the model, and the control group received traditional training (face to face) by health care providers. Data collection tool was the questionnaire of concepts of model and knowledge of women from the risk of high weight before pregnancy which were completed before, two and four weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and Independent T-test, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and ANOVA with repeated data were used. P < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the mean score of knowledge (P>0.05). But after the intervention, significant increase was observed in the mean score of knowledge in the experimental group compared to the control group after two weeks (P<0.001) and four weeks (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Extended parallel process model-based training can act more successful than traditional training (face to face) in promoting the knowledge of women with high body mass index.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Extended parallel process model
  • Knowledge
  • Obesity
  • Pre-pregnancy
  • Training

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 20، شماره 9
آذر 1396
صفحه 82-90

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