پیش‌بینی رفتار‌های خود‌مراقبتی زنان مبتلا به دیابت بارداری بر اساس باور فرد به توانایی خود (خودکارآمدی)

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت مبتنی بر شواهد، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه روانشناسی بالینی، مرکز تحقیقات روانپزشکی و علوم رفتاری، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 مربی گروه پرستاری، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت مبتنی بر شواهد، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

5 استاد گروه زنان و مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت زنان، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: دیابت بارداری یکی از مسائلی است که منجر به پیامد‌های نا‌مطلوب بارداری می‌شود. خود‌مراقبتی، اولین قدم برای کمک به بیماران جهت مدیریت بهتر بیماری شان است که یکی از عوامل مرتبط با آن، باور فرد به توانایی خود در انجام یک کار یا انطباق با یک موقعیت فشارزا (خود‌کارآمدی) است، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف پیش‌بینی رفتارهای خودمراقبتی زنان مبتلا به دیابت بارداری بر اساس باور فرد به توانایی خود (خودکارآمدی) انجام شد.
روش‌ کار: این مطالعه همبستگی پیش‌بینی کننده در سال 1394 بر روی 400 زن مبتلا به دیابت بارداری مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی و درمانگاه‌های مامایی وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهر مشهد انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها شامل پرسشنامه اطلاعات فردی، خود‌مراقبتی بر‌گرفته از مقیاس خلاصه فعالیت‌های خود‌مراقبتی (SDSCA) و خود‌کارآمدی پیرامون دیابت بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون‌های آماری ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و مدل رگرسیون خطی انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: 248 نفر (62%) از زنان مبتلا به دیابت بارداری، خودکارآمدی متوسط و 261 نفر (2/65%) خود‌مراقبتی متوسط داشتند. بر اساس نتایج آزمون پیرسون، بین خود‌کارآمدی با خود‌مراقبتی، همبستگی مستقیم و معنی‌داری وجود داشت (0001/0p<، 31/0=r). همچنین بر اساس مدل رگرسیون خطی عمومی، خود‌کارآمدی به عنوان متغیر پیش‌بینی کننده خود‌مراقبتی محسوب می‌شد (0001/0p<).
نتیجه‌گیری: خودکارآمدی قادر به پیش‌بینی رفتارهای خود‌مراقبتی در زنان مبتلا به دیابت بارداری می‌باشد. همچنین با توجه به رابطه خطی مستقیم بین این دو متغیر در این مطالعه و خودکارآمدی متوسط در زنان مبتلا به دیابت بارداری، ضروری است اهمیت مداخلات روان‌شناختی در درمان دیابت بارداری مورد تأکید قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prediction of Self- care Behaviors of Women with Gestational Diabetes based on Belief of Person in own Ability (Self- Efficacy)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Kordi 1
  • Mahsima Banaei 2
  • Negar Asgharipour 3
  • Seyed Reza Mazloum 4
  • Farideh Akhlaghi 5
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, Evidence- Based Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 M.Sc. student of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, School of Medical, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4 Instructor, Department of Nursing, Evidence- Based Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
5 Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women’s Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is one of the issues that can lead to pregnancy adverse outcomes. Self-care is the first step to help the patients for better management of their disease that belief of person in own ability to do a job or adapt to a stressful situation (self- efficacy) is one of the relevant factors. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to predict self- care behaviors of women with gestational diabetes based on belief of person in own ability (self- efficacy).
Methods: This predictor correlation study was performed on 400 women with gestational diabetes referred to health centers and midwifery clinics related to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Data collection tools were Individual questionnaire, self- care questionnaire retrieved from Summary Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale and diabetic self- efficacy questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16), Pearson correlation coefficients test and Liner regressions model. PResults: 248 women (62%) with gestational diabetes had moderate self- efficacy and 261 (65.2%) had moderate self- care. Results of Pearson correlation coefficients test showed a significant direct correlation between self- efficacy and self- care (P<0.0001, r=0.31) and according to Liner regressions model, self- efficacy was considered as a predictor variable of self- care (P<0.0001).
Conclusion: Self- efficacy is able to predict self- care behaviors in women with gestational diabetes. Regarding the direct linear relationship between these two variables in this study and moderate level of self-efficacy in women with gestational diabetes, the importance of psychological interventions should be considered for treatment of gestational diabetes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gestational diabetes
  • self-care
  • Self-efficacy

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 19، شماره 13
هفته اول تیر ماه 1395
تیر 1395
صفحه 6-17

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