نیازهای زنان مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی برای انجام آزمایش پاپ اسمیر

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده‌ بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی- درمانی، مرکز بهداشت شهرستان سنندج، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه آموزش بهداشت، مرکز مطالعات و توسعه آموزش علوم پزشکی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

4 کارشناس ارشد اپیدمیولوژی، معاونت بهداشتی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت، جیرفت، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سرطان رحم چهارمین سرطان شایع در بین زنان ایرانی است. اکثر زنان آزمایش پاپ اسمیر که یک ابزار غربالگری جهت پیشگیری از سرطان رحم است را به عنوان یک روش معمول انجام نمی‌دهند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تبیین نیازهای زنان مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی شهر ورامین برای انجام آزمایش پاپ اسمیر انجام شد.
روش کار: مطالعه حاضر بر پایه رویکرد کیفی در سال 1394 در شهر ورامین انجام گرفت. 15 زن مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی از طریق نمونه‌گیری هدفمند وارد مطالعه شدند. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌ها‌ی عمیق نیمه ساختار شامل 7 مصاحبه فردی و دو مصاحبه گروهی از گروه زنان دارای تجربه آزمایش پاپ اسمیر و نیز مشاهده و یاداشت‌برداری جمع‌آوری شدند. تمام مصاحبه‌ها ضبط و تایپ شد و از نرم افزار MAXQDA (نسخه 2010) جهت فرایند کدگذاری و طبقه‌بندی داده‌ها استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی قراردادی انجام گرفت. جهت صحت داده ها از معیارهای تأییدپذیری، اعتبارپذیری و انتقال پذیری استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: از تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها چهار طبقه‌ اصلی شامل "تهدید درک شده"، "رفع موانع فرهنگی- محیطی"، "ایجاد انگیزه" و "تقویت ویژگی‌های فردی" استخراج گردید.
نتیجه گیری: انجام آزمایش پاپ اسمیر جهت پیشگیری از سرطان منوط به تعامل مناسب و صمیمی با پرسنل بهداشتی و درمانی، حمایت خانواده، سیاست‌ها و قوانین تشویق کننده و اطلاع رسانی و هماهنگی سازمان‌ها است

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The needs of women referring to health care centers for doing Pap smear Test

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arezoo Fallahi 1
  • Babak Nemat Shahrbabaki 2
  • Masoumeh Hashemian 3
  • Asadolahe Ahmadi Kahanali 4
1 Assistant professor, Department of Public health, School of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
2 M.Sc. in Health Service Management, Health Center of Sanandaj, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education, Medical Sciences Education Development and Studies Center, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
4 M.Sc. in Epidemiology, Health-Care Administrative, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among Iranian women. Most women do not perform Pap smear test as a common method which is a screening tool to prevent of cervical cancer.  This study was performed with aim to determine the needs of women referring to health care centers of Varamin city for doing Pap smear test.
Methods: The present study was done based on qualitative approach in Varamin city in 2015. 15 women referring to health care centers were recruited via purposeful sampling. Data was collected through semi-structured deep interviews including 7 individual interviews and 2 group interviews with women who had experience of doing pop smear test, filed note, and observation. All interviews were recorded and typed. MAXQDA software was used for coding and categorizing data. Data was analyzed by conventional qualitative content analysis method. To obtain trustworthiness and rigor of the data, the criteria of credibility, confirmability and transferability was used.
Results: During the data analysis, four main categories of “perceived threat”, “eliminating cultural-environmental barriers”, “making motivation” and “reinforcing personal characters” were extracted.
Conclusion: Doing Pap smear test to prevent cancer is attributed to appropriate and intimate interactions with health professionals, family support, encouraging legislation and policies and coordination and notification of organizations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Health care centers
  • Qualitative approach
  • Pap Smear Test
  • Women

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 19، شماره 6
هفته دوم اردیبهشت ماه 1395
اردیبهشت 1395
صفحه 1-10

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