مرور سیستماتیک کارآزمایی های بالینی در درمان شقاق و درد نوک پستان زنان شیرده

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: شقاق نوک پستان یکی از مشکلات شایع زنان شیرده و عمده ترین دلیل توقف زودهنگام شیردهی محسوب می‌شود. به دلیل اهمیت تغذیه با شیر مادر، مطالعه حاضر با هدف مروری بر مطالعات انجام شده در زمینه کارآزمایی‌های بالینی در درمان شقاق و درد نوک پستان زنان شیرده انجام شد.
روش کار: در این مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک تمام پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی داخلی با کلید واژه "شقاق نوک پستان" و "کارآزمایی بالینی" و پایگاه‌های GoogleScholar، PubMed، Proquest، Scopus، Science Directو Medline با کلیدواژه های "clinical trial"and "sore nipple" بدون محدودیت زمانی و زبانی تا نوامبر 2015 جستجو شدند. تمام مقالات بر اساس معیار جداد بررسی و مطالعاتی که نمره 3 یا بیشتر گرفتند، انتخاب شدند. نتایج به صورت کیفی گزارش شد.
یافته‌ها: در نهایت 14 مقاله که دارای معیار ورود به مطالعه بودند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. از میان درمان‌های بررسی شده، لانولین همراه با محافظ پستان، ژل آلوئورا، اسانس منتول و کمپرس آب گرم باعث کاهش بیشتر شدت درد و بهبود سریع‌تر شقاق نوک پستان شده بودند.
نتیجه گیری: لانولین همراه با محافظ پستان، ژل آلوئورا، اسانس منتول و کمپرس آب گرم مؤثرترین درمان شقاق نوک پستان می‌باشند. قضاوت در مورد اثربخشی قطعی این مداخلات، مطالعات بیشتر و دقیق‌تر و با حجم نمونه کافی را می‌طلبد. مطالعات در زمینه درمان شقاق و درد نوک پستان پراکنده هستند و نتیجه‌گیری در مورد هر مداخله با توجه به محدود بودن مطالعات امکان پذیر نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A systematic review of clinical trials in the treatment of sore nipple and nipple pain in breastfeeding women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nayereh Asaadi 1
  • Nourossadat Kariman 2
  • Hadis Shahrahmani 1
  • Sahar Ghalandari 1
  • Nahid Khodakarami 2
1 M.Sc. student of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Nipple fissure is one of the most common problems in breastfeeding women and the main reason for the early discontinuation of breastfeeding. Due to the importance of breastfeeding, the present study was performed with aim to review the clinical trials conducted on the treatment of sore nipple and nipple pain in breastfeeding women.
Methods: In this systematic review, all local databases were searched with the keywords of “sore nipple” and “clinical trial” and databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, Science Direct and Medline with the keywords of “sore nipple” and “clinical trial” were searched to November 2015 with no time and language limitations. All the articles were reviewed based on the Jadad scale and those scoring ≥3 were selected. The results were reported qualitatively.
Results: A total of 14 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were ultimately examined. Among the treatments examined in these studies, Lanolin along with a nipple shield, Aloevera gel, menthol essence and warm compress led to more decrease in severity of pain and the fastest recovery of sore nipples.
Conclusion: Lanolin along with a nipple shield, Aloevera gel, menthol essence and warm compress are the most effective treatments for sore nipples. Nevertheless, a definitive judgment about the effectiveness of these interventions requires more accurate studies with adequate sample sizes. Studies conducted on sore nipples and their treatment are scattered and drawing conclusions about the interventions is not possible due to the limited number of studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Clinical trial
  • Nipples
  • Pain
  • Sore nipple
  • Systematic review

مراجع

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 19، شماره 6
هفته دوم اردیبهشت ماه 1395
اردیبهشت 1395
صفحه 22-33

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