بررسی وضعیت فشار خون در زنان یائسه شهر اراک در سال 1385

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه بهداشت و پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک، ایران

2 مربی، گروه کودکیاری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اراک، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: پرفشاری خون یکی از مشکلات اساسی کشورهای پیشرفته و در حال توسعه می باشد و کنترل و پیشگیری آن یکی از اساسی ترین مسائل بهداشتی است. در ایران مطالعه ای که به بررسی فشار خون و چگونگی توزیع آن در زنان یائسه بپردازد تا به حال انجام نشده است. هدف این مطالعه تعیین توزیع فشار خون و پرفشاری خون زنان یائسه شهر اراک در سال 1385 بوده است.
روش کار: مطالعه حاضر یک مطالعه مشاهده ای، مقطعی و بر پایه جمعیت می باشد که در سال 1385 انجام شده است. از روش مصاحبه حضوری، معاینه بالینی و پرسشنامه فردی برای جمع آوری اطلاعات از 458 زن یائسه ساکن شهر اراک استفاده شد. نمونه گیری بصورت چند مرحله ای خوشه ای با استفاده از مناطق پستی و انتخاب خانوار در این مناطق بوده است. فشارخون سیستولی، دیاستولی و متغیرهای فشار نبض، سن یائسگی، سن فعلی زن یائسه، قد، وزن، محل تولد، وضعیت تآهل، درآمد، داشتن فعالیت بدنی، شاخص توده بدنی و سطح تحصیلات آنها اندازه گیری شد. بر اساس معیار [1]JNC-VII زن یائسه ای که فشارخون سیستولی بیشتر و یا برابر 140 و یا فشار دیاستولی بیشتر یا برابر 90 میلی متر جیوه و یا مصرف کنونی داروی ضد پرفشاری خون داشته است به عنوان پرفشاری خون تعریف شده است.
نتایج: سن یائسگی طبیعی34/2 20/48 سال (با فاصله اطمینان 95%، 98/47-41/48 سال) با میانه سن یائسگی49 سال بوده است. شیوع پرفشاری خون بر اساس معیار JNC-VII، در این مطالعه 5/65% بدست آمد. وضعیت برای فشارخون سیستولی 57/17±99/138 میلی متر جیوه (بافاصله اطمینان 95% ، 81/137- 61/140) و برای فشار خون دیاستولی 26/142± 3/83 میلی متر جیوه (با ضریب اطمینان 95% ، 61/84-99/81) بود.
نتیجه گیری: شیوع پرفشاری خون در بین زنان یائسه در شهر اراک در مقایسه با مطالعات دیگر خیلی بالا بود. همچنین به نظر می رسد انجام مطالعات بعدی در مورد توزیع فشار خون در جمعیت زنان یائسه به منظور انجام غربالگری و اقدامات درمانی مناسب ضروری باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Distribution of Blood Pressure Values in Menopousal Women in Arak Population in 2007

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Rafiei 1
  • Akram Seyfi 2
1 Assistant Professor of Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
2 Instructor Pediatrics Care, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Hypertension is an important health problem in developed and developing countries. Its control and prevention is one of the most important health problems. There was not any study about blood pressure distribution in menopausal women in Iran. This study has been planned to determine the blood pressure distribution and hypertension of Arak menopausal women in 2007.
 
Methods: An observational study was done on a population based cross-sectional study carried out in 2007. Interviews were carried out and observations made on 458 women in Arak city, which had had a natural menopause. Women were chosen randomly by multiple clustering sampling from their postal zones. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, age at menopause, age, height, weight, the place of the birth, marriage status, income, physical activity, BMI and education levels of participants were recorded. Base on JNC-VII criteria, menopausal women with systolic pressure equal or more than 140 mmHg, diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or more and consumption of anti-hypertension drugs had been defined as a hypertensive woman.
 
Results: The mean age at menopause was 48.2 2.34 years (95% CI: 47.98- 48.41) and the mean age of enrolled women was 49 years. The prevalence of hypertension based on the JNC-VII criteria was 65.5% in our study. The mean systolic blood pressure was 138.99 17.57 mmHg (95% CI: 137.38-140.61) while the mean diastolic blood pressure was 83.3 14.26 mmHg (95% CI: 81.99- 84.61).
 
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in menopausal women compared to other studies was very high in Arak. So, it seems appropriate to study further the blood pressure distribution of the menopausal women population in order to implement better screening and therapeutic measures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • blood pressure
  • Menopausal women
  • Hypertension

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 12، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 2
تابستان 1388
تیر 1388
صفحه 47-56

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