مقایسه اثربخشی گروه درمانی وجودی و واقعیت درمانی گروهی بر حل مشکل تصویر تن زنان ماستکتومی شده

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی بالینی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه رادیوتراپی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه اثربخشی گروه درمانی وجودی و واقعیت درمانی گروهی بر حل مشکل تصویر تن زنانی که تحت عمل ماستکتومی قرار گرفته بودند، انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه نیمه آزمایشی در سال 1389 و 1390 بر روی 24 زن ساکن مشهد که تحت عمل ماستکتومی قرار گرفته و دوره شیمی درمانی و پرتو درمانی آن ها به پایان رسیده بود، انجام شد. این افراد با روش نمونه گیری داوطلبانه از بین مراجعه کنندگان به مرکز درمانی رضا، بیمارستان امید و بیمارستان امام رضا مشهد (ع) انتخاب و وارد مطالعه شدند. افراد به شیوه تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل قرار گرفتند. افراد گروه های آزمایش، درمان وجودی و واقعیت درمانی را دریافت کرده و گروه کنترل مداخله ای دریافت نکردند. ابزار سنجش در این مطالعه پرسشنامه روابط چند بعدی خود - بدن بود که شامل شش خرده مقیاس ارزشیابی قیافه، جهت گیری قیافه، ارزشیابی تناسب اندام، جهت گیری تناسب اندام، وزن ذهنی و رضایت بدنی بود. داده ها پس از گردآوری با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS(نسخه 16) و روش تحلیل کواریانس یک متغیری و چند متغیری مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: در این مطالعه از بین 6 خرده مقیاس مورد مطالعه، دو گروه آزمایش تنها در خرده مقیاس جهت گیری قیافه با یکدیگر تفاوت معناداری داشتند (039/0=p) و در 5 مقیاس ارزشیابی قیافه (423/0=p)، ارزشیابی تناسب اندام (369/0=p)، جهت گیری تناسب اندام (116/0=p)، وزن ذهنی (055/0=p) و رضایت بدنی (053/0=p) تفاوت معناداری را نشان ندادند. با این وجود، میانگین نمره کل آزمون گروه وجودی به صورت معناداری از میانگین گروه واقعیت درمانی (004/0=p) بالاتر بود.
نتیجه گیری: گروه درمانی وجودی منجر به حل مؤثر مشکل تصویر تن زنان ماستکتومی شده گردید، اما واقعیت درمانی گروهی در این زمینه تأثیر معناداری نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Effectiveness of Existential and Reality Group-Therapy in Treatment of Body-Image Problem in Women Who Undergo Mastectomy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hoda Parizadeh 1
  • Hosein Hasan Abadi 2
  • Ali Mashhadi 3
  • Ali Taghizadeh Kermani 4
1 M.Sc. Student of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant professor of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Assistant professor of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Assistant professor of Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of existential and reality group therapy in treatment of body-image problem in women who undergo mastectomy.
Methods: This semi-experimental trial was carried out on 24 women who were undergone mastectomy and finished chemotherapy and radiotherapy periods. Participants were selected voluntarily and randomly and divided in three groups include two case and one control groups. Existential and reality group therapy was applied on case group while control group received no intervention. Data were assessed by Multidimensional Body-Self Relation Questionnaire (MBSRQ) including six subscales of appearance evaluation, appearance orientation, fitness evaluation, mental weight, and body satisfaction. Data were analyzed by using SPSS statistical software version 16 and ANCOVA and MANCOVA tests. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In this study there was significant difference only in appearance orientation in both groups (p=0.039) while no significant difference was seen in appearance evaluation (p=0.423), fitness evaluation (p=0.369), fitness orientation (p=0.116), mental weight (p=0.055), and body satisfaction (p=0.053). However, the mean test-score of the existential group therapy was higher than that of the reality group therapy (p=0.004).
Conclusion: Existential group therapy is effective in treatment of body-image problem in women who have undergone mastectomy, but reality group therapy had not significant effect.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Body-image
  • Breast Cancer
  • Existential group therapy
  • Mastectomy
  • Reality group therapy
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