تأثیر تمرین مقاومتی با حجم‌های کم و زیاد بر کیفیت زندگی و استقامت در زنان سالمند

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، مرکز آموزش عالی کاشمر، کاشمر، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اگرچه فعالیت جسمانی موجب بهبود کیفیت زندگی سالمندان می­شود، ولی اثر حجم­های متفاوت تمرین مقاومتی به‌خوبی مشخص نشده است. از این رو، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی اثرات تمرین مقاومتی با حجم کم و حجم زیاد روی استقامت و کیفیت زندگی زنان سالمند غیرفعال انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه نیمه‌تجربی در سال 1399 بر روی 30 زن سالمند غیرفعال در شهر مشهد انجام شد. افراد به‌طور تصادفی به 3 گروه برابر تمرین مقاومتی حجم کم، تمرین مقاومتی حجم زیاد و کنترل تقسیم شدند. آزمودنی­ ها تمرین مقاومتی حجم کم (1 نوبت) و حجم زیاد (3 نوبت) را برای 12 هفته و 2 جلسه در هفته انجام دادند. قبل و بعد از دوره تمرین، کیفیت زندگی، مسافت 6 دقیقه پیاده‌روی (MWD6)، استقامت عضلانی پایین‌تنه (UBME) و بالا تنه (LBME) ارزیابی شد. تجزیه ‌و تحلیل داده­ ها با استفاده از نرم‌‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون‌های تی وابسته و تحلیل کواریانس انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ­ها: در مقایسه با گروه کنترل، هر دو نوع تمرین مقاومتی حجم کم و حجم زیاد موجب افزایش معنی­ دار UBME و LBME، MWD6، خرده مقیاس ­های کارکرد جسمی، سلامت عمومی، سلامت جسمی و سلامت روانی شد (05/0>p). با وجود این، تفاوت معنی­ داری بین UBME، LBME، MWD6 و خرده مقیاس ­های کیفیت زندگی در دو گروه تمرین مقاومتی حجم پایین و حجم بالا در انتهای پروتکل تمرینی وجود نداشت (05/0<p).
نتیجه ­گیری: هر دو نوع تمرین مقاومتی حجم پایین و بالا از طریق افزایش استقامت، موجب بهبود کیفیت زندگی سالمندان زن غیرفعال می­ شود، ولی تفاوت چشمگیری بین حجم ­های متفاوت تمرین مقاومتی روی کیفیت زندگی وجود ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of high and low volume resistance training on quality of life and endurance in elderly women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Taheri Chadorneshin 1
  • Zeinab Fattahi 2
  • Esmat Rashidi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, School of Humanity Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
2 M.Sc. in Exercise Physiology, School of Humanity Sciences, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Although physical activity improves the quality of life of the elderly, the effect of different volumes of resistance training is not well understood. Therefore, the present study was performed with aim to investigate the effects of high- and low-volume resistance training on endurance and quality of life in the inactive elderly women.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted in 2020 on 30 elderly women in Mashhad. Subjects were randomly assigned into three equal groups of low-volume resistance training, high-volume resistance training and control groups. Subjects performed low-volume resistance training (one-set) and high-volume resistance training (three-set) protocols twice weekly for 12 weeks. Quality of life, six-minute walk distance (6MWD), and lower- (LBME) and upper body muscular endurance (UBME) were evaluated before and at the end of the protocols. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 16) using dependent t test and analysis of covariance test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In comparison to the control group, both low- and high-volume resistance trainings resulted in significant increase in UBME, LBME, 6MWD and the subscales of physical functioning, general health, physical health and mental health (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the UBME, LBME, 6MWD and quality of life subscales in the low- and high-volume resistance training groups at the end of the exercise protocols (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Both low- and high-volume resistance trainings by increasing endurance could improve the quality of life in the inactive elderly women, but there was no significant difference between different volumes of resistance training with respect to quality of life.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Elderly
  • Endurance
  • Quality of life
  • Resistance training

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 26، شماره 4
تیر 1402
صفحه 26-35

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