ابعاد مختلف پدیده ناباروری در زندگی زنان ایرانی: یک مطالعه مرور نظامند

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه اخلاق پزشکی و فلسفه سلامت، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد اخلاق پزشکی و فلسفه سلامت، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

3 مربی گروه بیهوشی، مرکز تحقیقات مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی نظام سلامت، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: ناباروری و تلاش برای درمان آن، با تنش­ هایی برای زوجین همراه است. در ایران نیز ناباروری مسأله‌ای است که با چالش ­های متعدد همراه است و زنان بیشتر از مردان تحت تأثیر این مشکلات هستند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تبیین و تحلیل تجارب زیسته زنان نابارور بر اساس مطالعات انجام شده در ایران در طول دو دهه گذشته انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه از نوع مرور نظام‌مند می­باشد. استراتژی جستجوی این مطالعه بر پایه جستجو در پایگاه­ های استنادی PubMed، Web of Science، Google Scholar و SID با عبارات فارسی مطالعات کیفی یا مصاحبه یا تجربه زیسته یا پدیدارشناسی و ناباروری یا زنان نابارور یا زوجین نابارور و معادل­ های انگلیسی این واژگان انجام شد. مقالات با استفاده از چک‌لیست CASP ارزیابی شدند؛ در نهایت 21 مقاله که تجارب زیسته زنان نابارور را از منظرهای مختلف به‌صورت کیفی و پدیدارشناسی تبیین کرده بودند؛ وارد مطالعه و ارزیابی ترکیب و فراتحلیل شدند.
یافته ­ها: با کنار هم قرار دادن کدهای اصلی مقالات به‌عنوان کدهای اولیه و حذف موارد تکراری، 102 کد غیرتکراری به‌دست آمد که آنها در قالب 8 مضمون اصلی شامل: چالش‌های کلی زنان نابارور، واکنش‌های زنان نابارور، جنبه‌های اجتماعی و فرهنگی، جنبه‌های شناختی، پیامدهای روان‌شناختی ناباروری، روش‌های مقابله با مشکلات روانی و اجتماعی ناباروری، عوامل مؤثر بر رفتارهای جنسی، عوامل افزایش و کاهش‌دهنده امید در زنان نابارور با تجربه شکست در درمان ناباروری دسته‌بندی شد.
نتیجه­ گیری: تجارب زیسته زنان نابارور نشان می ­دهد که آنها در جامعه ایران با مشکلات و رنج­ هایی مواجه هستند. به‌نظر می­ رسد هنوز بسیاری از ابعاد زندگی زنان نابارور مورد تبیین و تحلیل قرار نگرفته است. ضمن آنکه نقش ویژگی‌های دموگرافیک، فرهنگ‌ها، قومیت­ ها و بستر خانوادگی در تحلیل­ ها مورد توجه پژوهشگران واقع نشده است که ضرورت مطالعات بیشتر برای طراحی برنامه­ های حمایتی مؤثر با توجه به سیاست­ های جمعیتی کشور؛ بیشتر احساس می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Different dimensions of infertility phenomenon in the life of Iranian women: a systematic review study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Lotfollah Dezhkam 1
  • Mansour Darvishi Tafvizi 2
  • Navid Kalani 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Medical Ethics and Health philosophy, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
2 M.Sc. of Medical Ethics and Health philosophy, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
3 Instructor, Department of Anesthesiology, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Infertility and efforts to treat it are associated with tensions for couples. In Iran, infertility is a problem associated with many challenges, and women are more affected by these problems than men. The present study was conducted with aim to explain and analyze the lived experiences of infertile women based on the studies conducted in Iran during the last two decades.
Methods: This study is a systematic review. The search strategy of this study is based on searching in databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and SID with Persian terms of qualitative studies or interview or lived experience or phenomenology and infertility or infertile women or infertile couples and the English equivalents of these words. became. Articles were evaluated using the CASP checklist; Finally, 21 articles that qualitatively and phenomenologically explained the lived experiences of infertile women from different perspectives entered into the study and evaluation of the composition and meta-analysis.
Results: By putting together the main codes of the articles as primary codes and removing duplicates, 102 non-repeated codes were obtained, which were categorized in the form of 8 main themes including: general challenges of infertile women, reactions of infertile women, social and cultural aspects, cognitive aspects, psychological consequences of infertility, methods of dealing with psychological and social problems of infertility, factors affecting sexual behaviors, factors increasing and decreasing hope in infertile women with experience of failure in infertility treatment.
Conclusion: The lived experiences of infertile women show that they face problems and sufferings in Iranian society. It seems that many aspects of the life of infertile women have not yet been explained and analyzed. At the same time, the role of demographic characteristics, cultures, ethnicities and family background in the analyzes has not been noticed by the researchers, that the need for more studies to design effective support programs according to the population policies of the country is more felt.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Infertile women
  • Infertility
  • Systematic review

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 26، شماره 3
خرداد 1402
صفحه 90-108

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