بررسی عوامل ساختاری تعیین کننده‌های اجتماعی سلامت بر فرزندآوری زنان ایرانی: یک مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی بهداشت باروری، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز، کرج، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: فرزندآوری، پدیده مهمی در حرکات جمعیتی و محور توسعه پایدار برای کشورهایی که سطح جانشینی پایینی دارند، محسوب می‌شود. مطالعه حاضر جهت تجمیع دانش موجود در مورد اثربخشی عوامل ساختاری تعیین کننده‌های اجتماعی سلامت بر فرزندآوری زنان ایرانی انجام شد.
روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک، مطالعات فارسی و انگلیسی منتشر شده از نوع مشاهده­ای از تاریخ ابتدای 1/1/2010 تا تاریخ 23/1/2022 وارد مطالعه شدند. جستجوی مطالعات در پایگاه اطلاعاتی Magiran، SID، Embase، google scholar، Scopus، web of science، PubMed با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی مرتبط شامل: Reproductive Behavior، childbearing، Socioeconomic Factors، Ethnic Groups، Culture، Structural Determinants of Health و Iran انجام شد. جهت ارزیابی کیفیت مقالات از ابزار نیوکاسل اوتاوا استفاده شد.
یافته ­ها: در این مطالعه مروری 36 مطالعه مطابق با معیارهای ورود وارد مطالعه شدند و عوامل ساختاری سلامت (تحصیلات، درآمد، شغل، قومیت و فرهنگ) بر روی فرزندآوری زنان مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. فرزندآوری زنان با این عوامل ساختاری سلامت در ارتباط است. در این مطالعه مروری، بیشترین فراوانی مربوط به تحصیلات زنان بود؛ به‌طوری‌که 18 مقاله، تأثیر منفی تحصیلات بر فرزندآوری را نشان دادند.
نتیجه ­گیری: نتایج مرور سیستماتیک حاضر بیانگر تأثیر تعیین کننده‌های اجتماعی ساختاری سلامت (تحصیلات، درآمد، شغل، قومیت و فرهنگ) از جمله تحصیلات زنان بر فرزندآوری بود. این امر مؤید این است که اگر سیاست‌های جمعیتی بتوانند برنامه ­هایی را اجرا کنند که موجب سازگاری نقش مادری با ادامه تحصیلات زنان پس از ازدواج شوند، می­ توانند بسیار مؤثرتر باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The structural factors of social determinants of health on Iranian women's childbearing: a systematic review study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fereshte Ghahremani 1
  • Mahbobeh Ahmadi Doulabi 2
  • Zohreh Mahmoodi 3
  • Malihe Nasiri 4
1 PhD student of Reproductive Health, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Associate professor, Department of Midwifery, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
4 Assistant professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Childbearing is an important phenomenon in demographic movements and the basis of sustainable development in countries with low replacement fertility rates. The present study was performed with aim to summarize the existing knowledge about the effectiveness of structural factors of social determinants of health on childbearing of Iranian women.
Methods: In this systematic review, observational Persian and English studies published from 1/1/2010 to 23/1/2022 were included in the study. Studies were searched in Magiran, SID, Embase, google scholar, Scopus, web of science, and PubMed databases using related keywords including: Reproductive Behavior, Childbearing, Socioeconomic Factors, Ethnic Groups, Culture, Structural Determinants of Health and Iran. The Newcastle-Ottawa tool was used to evaluate the quality of the articles.
Results: In this review study, 36 studies which met the inclusion criteria were included in the study, and health structural factors (education, income, occupation, ethnicity, and culture) on women's childbearing were examined. Women's childbearing is related to these structural factors of health. In this review study, the highest frequency was related to women's education; so that 18 articles showed the negative effect of education on childbearing.
Conclusion: The results of the present systematic review showed the effect of structural social determinants of health (education, income, occupation, ethnicity, and culture) including women's education on childbearing. This confirms that if population policies can implement programs that make the mother's role compatible with the continuation of women's education after marriage, they can be much more effective.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Childbearing
  • Iran
  • Reproductive behavior
  • Social determinants of health

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 26، شماره 2
اردیبهشت 1402
صفحه 99-118

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