تأثیر یوگا بر ترس از زایمان و خودکارآمدی زایمان زنان نخست باردار: یک کارآزمایی کنترل شده تصادفی

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مشاوره در مامایی، مرکز پژوهش دانشجویان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات مادر و کودک، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه بهداشت مادر و کودک، مرکز تحقیقات مادر و کودک، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی همدان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات مادر و کودک، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی همدان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: در سالیان اخیر یوگا به‌عنوان یکی از روش‌های ایمن و اثربخش جهت ارتقاء سلامت جسمی و روانی زنان باردار مورد توجه محققین قرار گرفته است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر یوگا بر ترس از زایمان و خودکارآمدی زایمان زنان نخست باردار انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی کنترل شده تصادفی در سال 1399 بر روی 70 زن نخست باردار مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز جامع سلامت شهر همدان انجام شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان قبل از ورود به مطالعه پرسشنامه‌های اطلاعات دموگرافیک، نگرش نسبت به زایمان (با دامنه نمره 56-14) و خودکارآمدی زایمان (با دامنه نمرات 180-0) را تکمیل کردند و سپس به‌صورت تصادفی به دو گروه مداخله و کنترل تخصیص یافتند. گروه مداخله 6 جلسه حضوری تمرینات یوگا را انجام داده و سپس هفته‌ای 3 بار این حرکات را در منزل انجام دادند. هفته 36 بارداری مجدداً پرسشنامه‌ها توسط هر دو گروه تکمیل شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار Stata و آزمون‌های تی مستقل، کای دو، تست دقیق فیشر و آزمون آنالیز کوواریانس انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: بعد از مداخله میانگین نمرات ترس از زایمان در گروه مداخله به‌طور معناداری کمتر از گروه کنترل بود (به‌ترتیب 40/4±94/27 و 40/4±11/38). در مقابل، بعد از مداخله میانگین نمرات خودکارآمدی زایمان در گروه مداخله به‌طور معناداری بیشتر از گروه کنترل بود (به‌ترتیب 04/6±66/57 و 04/6±13/50) .
نتیجه‌گیری: انجام تمرینات یوگا در بارداری می‌تواند ترس از زایمان را در زنان نخست باردار کاهش داده و خودکارآمدی زایمان را در آنها افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of yoga on fear of childbirth and childbirth self-efficacy in primigravid women: a randomized controlled trial

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saman Samavati 1
  • Farideh Kazemi 2
  • Soodabeh Aghababaei 3
  • Farzaneh Soltani 4
1 M.Sc. in Midwifery Consulting, Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Mother & Child Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Mother & Child Health, Mother & Child Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Mother & Child Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: In the recent years, yoga has been considered by researchers as a safe and effective method in promoting the physical and mental health of pregnant women. This study was conducted with aim to determine the effect of yoga on the fear of childbirth and childbirth self-efficacy in primigravida women.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial study was performed on 70 primigravid women referred to the comprehensive health centers of Hamadan in 2020. Participants completed the demographic information questionnaire, the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire (CAQ), and the Childbirth Self-efficacy Inventory (CBSEI), and then were randomly assigned to the control and intervention groups. Women in the intervention group performed 6 sessions of yoga exercises, and then they performed these exercises at home three times a week. The questionnaires were again completed by both groups at 36 weeks of gestational age. Data were analyzed using Stata software and Independent t-test, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and analysis of covariance. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The fear of childbirth scores in the intervention group was lower than the control group after the intervention (27.94±4.40 and 38.11±4.40, respectively). In contrast, the childbirth self-efficacy score in the intervention group was higher than the control group after the intervention (57.66±4.40 and 50.13±4.40, respectively).
Conclusion: Performing yoga exercises can reduce the fear of childbirth and increase the self-efficacy of childbirth in primigravid women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fear
  • Natural Childbirth
  • Pregnancy
  • Self-efficacy
  • Yoga

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 25، شماره 3
خرداد 1401
صفحه 75-85

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