بررسی عوامل خطر مرتبط با ایجاد درد لگنی در دوران بارداری

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه ارتوپدی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه بیهوشی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

4 دانشجوی پزشکی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: حدود 70% زنان باردار به کمردردهای دوران بارداری مبتلا می‌شوند. ﻓﺮآﯾﻨﺪﻫﺎی ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾکی که ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ درد می‌شوند، ﻧﺎﻣﺸﺨص هستند. با توجه به شیوع بالای این درد، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی عوامل خطر مرتبط با ایجاد درد لگنی در دوران حاملگی در زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به بیمارستان شهیدان مبینی شهر سبزوار انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه مورد شاهدی در سال 1397 بر روی 120 زن باردار که 12 نفر (10%) آنها در سه ماه اول بارداری و 108 نفر (90%) در سه ماهه سوم بارداری بودند، در بیمارستان شهیدان مبینی سبزوار انجام شد. جهت جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته که روایی و پایایی آن به تأیید رسید و چک‌لیست استاندارد استفاده شد. پرسشنامه شامل دو بخش مشخصات دموگرافیک نمونه‌ها و سؤالات مرتبط با عوامل خطر و چک‌لیست نیز شامل نتیجه معاینات نمونه‌ها برای تعیین برخی عوامل خطر بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزارSTATA انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: در بین زنان باردار مبتلا به درد لگن، 4 نفر (10%) شلی لیگامانی خفیف، 3 نفر (5/7%) سابقه تروما به کمربند لگنی، 17 نفر (5/42%) سابقه کمردرد در حاملگی قبلی، 20 نفر (50%) سابقه کمردرد قبل از حاملگی و 10 نفر (25%) فعالیت جنسی نارضایت‌بخش را ذکر کردند. در این مطالعه بین رابطه جنسی نارضایت‌بخش (008/0=p)، سابقه کمردرد قبل از حاملگی (001/0=p) و یا در حاملگی قبلی (001/0=p) با درد لگن در دوره بارداری ارتباط آماری معنی‌داری وجود داشت، در‌حالی‌که بین محل سکونت، سیگاری بودن، شلی لیگامانی، شغل و سایر عوامل خطر مورد بررسی با درد لگن ارتباط معنی‌داری وجود نداشت (05/0≤p).
نتیجه‌گیری: در این مطالعه سابقه کمردرد در حاملگی قبلی، سابقه کمردرد قبل از حاملگی و همچنین فعالیت جنسی نارضایت بخش به‌عنوان عوامل خطر درد لگنی شناخته شدند. شناسایی این عوامل خطر می‌تواند در کنترل عوامل تشدید‌‌کننده درد لگنی در دوره بارداری و پیشگیری از محدودیت‌های حرکتی در زنان پس از زایمان، کمک‌کننده باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Risk factors related to development of pelvic pain during pregnancy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jila Agah 1
  • Seyyed Mehdi Mir Mohammadi 2
  • Mohammad Nemat Shahi 3
  • Sajjad Valizadeh Ahlimani 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
4 Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: About 70&% of women suffer of pelvic pain during pregnancy. The physiological processes characterizing this clinical entity remain obscure. Given the high prevalence of this pain, this study was performed aimed to investigate the risk factors associated with pelvic pain during pregnancy in pregnant women referred to Shahidan Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar.Methods: This case-control study was done in 2018 on 120 pregnant women, of which 12 (10%) were at first trimester of pregnancy and 108 (90%) were at third trimester of pregnancy, in Shahidan Mobini Sabzevar Hospital. A researcher-made questionnaire that its validity and reliability were confirmed and standard checklist were used for data collection. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: demographic characteristics of the samples and questions related to the risk factors, and the checklist included the results of the samples' examinations to determine some risk factors. Data were analyzed using STATA software.Results: Among pregnant women with pelvic pain, 4 (10%) reported mild ligamentous looseness, 3 (7.5%) had a history of pelvic girdle trauma, 17 (43.1%) had a history of low back pain in previous pregnancy, 20 (50%) had a history of low back pain before pregnancy and 10 (25%) had unsatisfactory sexual activity. Results showed that there was a significant relationship between unsatisfactory sexual relations (P=0.008), history of low back pain before pregnancy (P=0.001) or in previous pregnancy (P=0.001) or pelvic pain during pregnancy. However, there was no significant relationship between pelvic pain and place of residence, smoking, ligamentous looseness, occupation and other risk factors (P≥0.05).Conclusion: In this study, history of low back pain in previous pregnancy, history of low back pain before pregnancy, and unsatisfactory sexual activity were identified as risk factors for pelvic pain. Identification of these risk factors can be helpful in controlling the factors exacerbating pelvic pain during pregnancy and preventing movement restrictions in postpartum women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pelvic pain
  • Pregnancy
  • Risk factor

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 25، شماره 3
خرداد 1401
صفحه 28-39

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