درک و تجارب زنان باردار در مواجهه با پاندمی کووید-19: مطالعه کیفی

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات ایمنی بیمار، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره در مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: مادران باردار یکی از گروه‌هایی هستند که باید در پاندمی کووید-19 مورد توجه قرار گیرند. با دانستن تجارب و مصادیق نگران­کننده برای مادران باردار در این دوره، می­توان به راهکارهایی برای بهبود سلامت و کیفیت زندگی دست یافت و برنامه­ریزی لازم را برای ارتقاء مراقبت‌های دوران بارداری انجام داد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تبیین درک و تجربه زنان باردار در مواجهه با پاندمی کووید-19 انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه کیفی از اردیبهشت تا مهر ماه سال 1399 در مراکز جامع سلامت شهر ارومیه ایران انجام گرفت. داده­ها با انجام 14 مصاحبه تلفنی نیمه ساختار­ یافته عمیق انفرادی جمع­آوری شد. مشارکت­کنندگان از طریق نمونه­گیری مبتنی بر هدف تا رسیدن به اشباع اطلاعات از بین زنان باردار انتخاب شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها به روش تحلیل محتوای قراردادی با نرم‌افزار MAXqda (نسخه 10) انجام شد.
یافته­ها: از تحلیل داده­ها 580 کد اولیه و چهار طبقه اصلی شامل: تغییر در سبک زندگی (تغییر در فعالیت‌های روزمره، انزوا و فاصله‌گذاری اجتماعی)، آثار روان‌شناختی تجربه ­شده (نگرانی از سلامت بارداری، ترس از ابتلاء اعضای خانواده به بیماری، استرس مالی، سردرگمی از نشر اطلاعات)، حمایت‌طلبی (نیاز به حمایت اطرافیان، نیاز به حمایت پرسنل بهداشتی) و تغییر در فرآیند مراقبت‌های بارداری (عدم مراجعه به مراکز دولتی، کاهش دفعات مراقبت‌های بارداری) حاصل شد.
نتیجه ­گیری: پاندمی کووید-­19 پتانسیل قابل­توجهی در تغییر سبک زندگی، مراقبت‌های روتین بارداری و حالات روان‌شناختی زنان باردار دارد، بنابراین لازم است ماماها به‌صورت غیرحضوری و تلفنی، آموزش و مشاوره­های لازم را در خصوص خودمراقبتی­ها و کاهش اضطراب و استرس به مادران باردار ارائه دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The perception and experiences of pregnant women facing the COVID-19 epidemic: A Qualitative study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghieh Bayrami 1
  • Samira Ebrahimi 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Midwifery, Patient's Safety Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
2 M.Sc. student of Midwifery Consultation, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Pregnant women are one of the main groups that should be considered during the Covid-19 pandemic. By knowing the pregnant women's worrying experiences in this period, we can achieve the strategies to improve the health and quality of life and to plan for improving prenatal care. This study was performed with aim to explore the perception and experience of pregnant women in the face of COVID 19 pandemic.
Methods: This qualitative study was carried out in Comprehensive Health Services centers in Urmia-Iran during May to October 2020. Data were collected using 14 individual in-depth semi-structured telephone interviews. Participants were selected among pregnant women through purposeful sampling, until data saturation was reached. Data were analyzed through conventional content analysis approach using the MAXQDA software (version 10).
Results: From analyzing data, 580 primary codes and four main categories including: "lifestyle change(change in daily activities, isolation and social distancing), "experienced psychological effects" (pregnancy health concerns, fear of family members getting sick, financial stress and confusion over information dissemination), "seeking support" (need of support from relatives, need of support from health personnel), and "change in the prenatal care process"(not referring to government centers, reduction in number of prenatal care)were emerged.
Conclusion: The covid-19 pandemic has significant potential in changing lifestyle, routine prenatal care and psychological status in pregnant women. Therefore, it is necessary for midwives to provide virtually and by telephone the necessary training and counseling about self-care and reducing anxiety and stress for pregnant women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • COVID-19
  • Experience
  • Pregnancy
  • Qualitative research

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 24، شماره 8
مهر 1400
صفحه 47-58

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