فراوانی فنوتیپ‌های سندرم تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک در نوجوانان شهر مشهد براساس معیار روتردام در سال 1397

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت‌های پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 مربی گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 مربی گروه پرستاری، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت‌های پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سندرم تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک (PCOs) شایع‌ترین اختلال غدد درون‌ریز در زنان به‌شمار می‌رود. با توجه به زمان شروع PCOS از دوران نوجوانی، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی میزان شیوع این سندرم و فنوتیپ‌های آن براساس معیار روتردام در دختران نوجوان شهر مشهد انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه مقطعی در سال 98-1397 بر روی 650 نفر از دختران 19-14 سال مدارس دولتی مشهد انجام شد. نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت خوشه‌ای احتمالی چند مرحله‌ای طبقه‌بندی شده انجام گردید. بعد از پر کردن پرسشنامه اطلاعات فردی و دموگرافیک در صورت داشتن معیارهای ورود اقدام به معاینه بالینی از نظر بررسی علائم بالینی هیپرآندروژنیسم شامل هیرسوتیسم، آکنه و ریزش مو با الگوی مردانه نموده و در صورت مثبت بودن این علائم جهت انجام آزمایشات هورمونی و سونوگرافی ارجاع داده می‌شدند. تشخیص سندرم تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک و فنوتیپ‌های آن بر اساس معیار روتردام صورت گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS (نسخه 22) و آزمون‌های کای دو و فیشر انجام گرفت. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنادار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: فراوانی فنوتیپ‌های چهارگانه سندرم تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک براساس معیارهای روتردام شامل فنوتیپ A (هیپرآندروژنیسم بالینی/بیوشیمایی+تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک) 3 نفر (7/7%)، فنوتیپ B (اختلالات تخمک گذاری+هیپرآندروژنیسم بالینی/بیوشیمایی) 11 نفر (2/28%)، فنوتیپ C (اختلالات تخمک‌گذاری+تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک) 14 نفر (9/35%) و فنوتیپ D (اختلالات تخمک‌گذاری+هیپرآندروژنیسم بالینی/بیوشیمایی+تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک) 11 نفر (2/28%) مشخص گردید. شیوع کلی سندرم تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک بر اساس معیار روتردام 8/6% به‌دست آمد.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به شیوع فنوتیپ‌های چهارگانه سندرم تخمدان پلی‌کیستیک به‌دست آمده و مشابهت علائم با تظاهرات بالینی دوران نوجوانی، بهتر است تشخیص و درمان این سندرم از سنین نوجوانی شروع گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Frequency of the Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Iranian Adolescents (Mashhad) based on Rotterdam Criteria in 2018

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyede Azam Pourhoseini 1
  • Raheleh Babazadeh 2
  • Zahra Abedian 3
  • Seyed Reza Mazloum 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical of Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Instructor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Instructor, Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) is the most common endocrine disorder in women. Due to the fact that PCOS starts from adolescence, this study was conducted with aim to investigate the prevalence of this syndrome and its phenotypes based on Rotterdam criteria in adolescent girls in Mashhad.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 650 girls aged 14 to 19 years in public schools of Mashhad in 2018-2019. Sampling was performed as a multi-stage classified cluster. After completing the Individual and Demographic Information Questionnaire, if they had criteria for entering the study, a clinical examination was performed to investigate the clinical symptoms of hyperandrogenism, including hirsutism, acne, and hair loss with the male pattern, and if any of the above symptoms were positive, they were referred for hormonal tests and sonography. The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome and its phenotypes was made based on Rotterdam criteria. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) and Chi-square and Fisher tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Frequency of quadruple phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome based on Rotterdam criteria included phenotype A(clinical hyperandrogenism / biochemistry + polycystic ovary) was found in 3 people (7.7%), phenotype B (menstrual disorders + clinical hyperandrogenism / biochemistry) in 11 (28.2%), phenotype C (menstrual disorders + polycystic ovaries) in 14 (35.9%) and phenotype D (menstrual disorders + clinical hyperandrogenism / biochemistry + polycystic ovaries) in 11(28.2%). The overall prevalence of PCOs was 6.8% based on Rotterdam criteria.
Conclusion: Due to the prevalence of four phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome and the similarity of symptoms with clinical manifestations of adolescence, it is better to start the diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome from adolescence.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adolescents
  • Iran
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 24، شماره 2
اردیبهشت 1400
صفحه 14-22

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