بررسی میزان آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد زنان شهر سبزوار در خصوص قرنطینه خانگی جهت پیشگیری از بیماری کرونا ویروس

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری‌های غیرواگیر، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

2 مربی گروه آمار و اپیدمیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری‌های غیر واگیر، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه آموزش بهداشت و بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: قرنطینه از نظر پزشکی در پیشگیری از ابتلاء به بیماری در مردم بسیار مؤثر است. با توجه به نقش پررنگ زنان در شکل‌گیری رفتارهای بهداشتی خانواده، مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین میزان آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد زنان شهر سبزوار در خصوص قرنطینه خانگی جهت پیشگیری از بیماری کرونا ویروس انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه مقطعی در سال 1398 بر 605 نفر از زنان شهر سبزوار انجام شد. ابزار مطالعه، پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته بود که روایی و پایایی آن مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. دامنه نمرات هر بعد پرسشنامه بین 100-0 منظور شد. داده‌ها با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس و غیراحتمالی و به‌صورت انتشار مجازی جمع‌آوری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون‌های تی تست، آنالیز واریانس، همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون خطی انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنادار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: بیشترین نمره میانگین عملکرد نسبت به برنامه قرنطینه خانگی در گروه سنی بالای 55 سال (31/22±58/82) و تحصیلات دانشگاهی (95/21±77/70) بود. میانگین نمره آگاهی زنان 73/13±45/73 و نگرش 27/7±74/80 و عملکرد آنان نسبت به برنامه قرنطینه خانگی 14/22±71/69 گزارش شد. سن (6/2=B، 004/0=p)، تحصیلات (45/4=B، 03/0=p) و نگرش زنان (27/0=B، 03/0=p) تأثیر افزاینده‌ای بر عملکرد آنان داشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: سطح آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد زنان در خصوص اجرای قرنطینه خانگی جهت پیشگیری از کرونا ویروس مطلوب بود، اما برخلاف نگرش مثبت زنان نسبت به قرنطینه خانگی، عملکرد آنها مناسب گزارش نشد. این موضوع نشان می‌دهد با توجه به نقش زنان در بهبود رفتارهای بهداشتی در اعضای خانواده، افزایش مهارت و توانمندی آنها یک امر ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of women in Sabzevar concerning home quarantine for prevention of the new coronavirus disease

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Keyvanlo 1
  • Neda Mahdavifar 2
  • Reza Shahrabadi 3
  • Ali Mehri 3
  • Hamid Joveini 3
  • Masoumeh Hashemian 3
1 M.Sc. in Health Services Management, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
2 Instructor, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Health Education and Public Health, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Quarantine is medically very effective in protecting the public from disease. Given the significant role of women in forming the health behavior of the family, this study was performed with aim to investigate the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of women in Sabzevar concerning home quarantine for prevention of the new coronavirus disease.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 605 women of Sabzevar in 2019. The study tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were approved. The range of scores in each dimension of the questionnaire was between 0 and 100. Data were collected by available and non-probabilistic sampling methods as virtual dissemination. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation test, and linear regression test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The highest mean score of practice concerning the home quarantine program were observed in the age group upper 55years (82.58±22.31) and College education (70.77±21.95). The mean scores of women's knowledge, attitude, and practice concerning the home quarantine program were 73.45 ± 13.73, 80.74 ± 7.27, and 69.71 ± 22.14, respectively. Age (P =0.004, B =2.6), education level (P = 0.03, B = 4.45), and attitude (P = 0.03; B =0.27) had an increasing impact on women’s practice.
Conclusion: The level of knowledge, attitude, and practice about the implementation of home quarantine to prevent coronavirus disease was satisfied. However, despite the positive attitude of women about the implementation of home quarantine, their practice was not satisfied. This shows that given the role of women in improving the health behavior of the family, enhancing their skills and capabilities is essential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Knowledge
  • Attitude
  • Practice
  • Communicable diseases
  • Quarantine
  • Covid-19
  1. Al-Osail AM, Al-Wazzah MJ. The history and epidemiology of Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus. Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine 2017; 12(1):20.
  2. Chen S, Yang J, Yang W, Wang C, Bärnighausen T. COVID-19 control in China during mass population movements at New Year. The Lancet 2020; 395(10226):764-6.
  3. Ibrahim NK, Alwafi HA, Sangoof SO, Turkistani AK, Alattas BM. Cross-infection and infection control in dentistry: Knowledge, attitude and practice of patients attended dental clinics in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Journal of infection and Public Health 2017; 10(4):438-45.
  4. World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports 2020. Available on: https://www. WHO. Int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situationreports/20200221-sitrep-32-covid. 2020;19.
  5. Doshmangir L, Mahbub Ahari A, Qolipour K, Azami-Aghdash S, Kalankesh L, Doshmangir P, et al. East Asia's Strategies for Effective Response to COVID-19: Lessons Learned for Iran. Management Strategies in Health System 2020; 4(4):370-3.
  6. Center for the Management of Communicable Diseases.Ministry of Health TaMT. International Health2005. Tehran: Tandis; 2016: Available from: http://file.qums.ac.ir/repository/vch/COMM/FORMs/970613Regulation.pdf. Accessed March20 2020.
  7. Haas CN. On the quarantine period for Ebola virus. PLoS currents 2014; 6.
  8. Joint Centre for Bioethics Pandemic Ethics Working Group. Public engagement on social distancing in a pandemic: a Canadian perspective. The American Journal of Bioethics 2009; 9(11):15-7.
  9. Cao J, Tu WJ, Cheng W, Yu L, Liu YK, Hu X, et al. Clinical Features and Short-term Outcomes of 102 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 71(15):748-755.
  10. Kim EY, Liao Q, Yu ES, Kim JH, Yoon SW, Lam WW, et al. Middle East respiratory syndrome in South Korea during 2015: Risk-related perceptions and quarantine attitudes. Am J Infect Control 2016; 44(11):1414-1416.
  11. Kpanake L, Leno JP, Sorum PC, Mullet E. Acceptability of community quarantine in contexts of communicable disease epidemics: perspectives of literate lay people living in Conakry, Guinea. Epidemiology & Infection 2019; 147.
  12. Chirwa GC. “Who knows more, and why?” Explaining socioeconomic-related inequality in knowledge about HIV in Malawi. Scientific African 2020; 7:e00213.
  13. Chirwa GC. Socio-economic Inequality in Comprehensive Knowledge about HIV in Malawi. Malawi Medical Journal 2019; 31(2):104-11.
  14. Podder D, Paul B, Dasgupta A, Bandyopadhyay L, Pal A, Roy S. Community perception and risk reduction practices toward malaria and dengue: A mixed-method study in slums of Chetla, Kolkata. Indian journal of public health 2019; 63(3):178.
  15. Salahshoori p. Promoting the empowerment of women requires their self-esteem. Tehran: Islamic Parliament Research Center Of The Islamic Republic Of IRAN; 2017: Available from: https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/news/show/1047427. Accessed March20 2020
  16. Population Of The Country In Urban And Rural Areas, By Sex And Province. Statistical Center Of Iran. Tehran; 2016 [Available from: https://www.amar.org.ir/english/Population-and-Housing-Censuses/Census-2016-General-Results.
  17. Corona Training Guides Tehran. Ministry of Health and Medical Education; 2020 [Available from: http://ird.behdasht.gov.ir.
  18. Hajizadeh E, Asghari M. Statistical methods and analyzes by looking at the research method in biological and health sciences. 1nd ed. Tehran: Iranian Students Booking Agency; 1390 .
  19. Mohseni-Ezhiyeh A, Ghamarani AM, Foroutan-kia S. Evaluating the validity and reliability of the fear of being laughed at (Gelotophobia) Scale among students of University of Isfahan in 2015. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 2017; 15(12):1147-60.
  20. Ebrahimpour H, Mokabberi AH, Riva D, Roshandel Arbatani T. The media and glass ceiling: Explanation of television impact on the women promotion to the managerial levels. governmental management  2011; 3(6):1-8.
  21. Hayat K, Rosenthal M, Xu S, Arshed M, Li P, Zhai P, et al. View of Pakistani Residents toward Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) during a Rapid Outbreak: A Rapid Online Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17(10):3347.
  22. Zhong BL, Luo W, Li HM, Zhang QQ, Liu XG, Li WT, et al. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 among Chinese residents during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 outbreak: a quick online cross-sectional survey. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16(10):1745-1752.
  23. Panahi R, Ramezankhani A, Tavousi M, Koosehloo A, Niknami S. Relationship of health literacy with knowledge and attitude toward the harms of cigarette smoking among University Students. J Educ Community Health 2017; 3(4):38-44.
  24. Edalatdoust Y, Bahraminejad N, Hanifi N, Faghihzadeh S. Health Care Workers› Knowledge and Attitude Towards Hand Hygiene in Educational Hospitals of Zanjan. Military Caring Sciences 2018; 5((15)1):53-46.
  25. Mansour GF, Joukar F, Soati F, Meskin KP, Mansour GR. Level of Health Care Providers’Knowledge and Attitude Toward Caring For Patients With Hepatitis C. J journal of medical council of islamic republic of iran 2012; 30(1):9-19.
  26. Alidosti M, Delaram M, Reisi Z. Impact of education based on health belief model in Isfahanese housewives in preventing H. pylori infection. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences 2012; 2(2):71-7.
  27. Heshmati H, Khajavi S, Alizadehsiuki H. An Investigation of the Perceived Barriers of Fruit and Vegetable consumption among Female High School Students in Gochan, 2013. Journal Of Torbat Hedariyeh University Of Medical Sciences 2014; 1(4):66-77.
  28. Heshmati H, Behnampour N, Mir M, Karimi F, Khajavi S. Factors associated with urine and genital tract infection preventive behaviors among women referred to Gorgan Health Centers based on health belief model. Iranian Journal of Health Education and Health Promotion 2015; 3(1):59-68.
  29. Razi T, Shamsi M, Khorsandi M, Roozbehani N, Ranjbaran M. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers with regard to the Warning Signs of Respiratory Infections and Diarrhea in Children below the Age of Five in Arak in 2014. J Educ Community Health 2015; 1(4):43-50.
  30. Nourizadeh R, Bakhtariagdam F, Sahebi L. Knowledge, health beliefs and breast cancer screening behaviors of women referring to health centers of Tabriz, 2010. Iranian Journal of Breast Diseases 2010; 3(3 and 4):43-51.
  31. Alshammari KF. Women knowledge, attitude and practices about osteoporosis prevention “Riyadh Saudi Arabia”. World J Med Sci 2014; 11(3):422-31.