فضای سبز و زایمان زودرس: یک مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، کارگروه دانشجویی مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه بهداشت محیط، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری‌های غیرواگیر، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار، سبزوار، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات توسعه اجتماعی و ارتقای سلامت، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: تأثیر محیط زیست بر سلامت باروری و نتایج بارداری در تعدادی از مطالعات اپیدمیولوژیک بیان شده است. قرار گرفتن در معرض فضای سبز منجر به بهبودی سلامت و همچنین بهبود رشد جنین و کاهش خطر عوارض حاملگی شده است. مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک حاضر با هدف تعیین ارتباط بین فضای سبز و زایمان زودرس انجام شد.
روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مروری جهت دستیابی به مطالعات مرتبط از پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی انگلیسی Pubmed، Scopus و Web of science و فارسی Iran Medex، SID و Magiran منتشر شده تا 8 آوریل 2020، با کلیدواژه‌های فارسی و انگلیسی فضای سبز و زایمان زودرس با تمام ترکیبات احتمالی جستجو انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: از مجموع 6964 مقاله، 18 مقاله (12 مطالعه مقطعی و 6 مطالعه کوهورت) که دارای معیار ورود به مطالعه بودند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. اکثر مطالعات با استفاده از شاخص نرمال ‌شده تفاوت پوشش گیاهی (NDVI)، نزدیکی به فضای سبز و فاصله تا پارک، فضای سبز را ارزیابی کرده بودند. نتایج 9 مطالعه نشان داد که بین فضای سبز و زایمان زودرس ارتباطی وجود ندارد و سایر مطالعات نتایج ضدونقیض اثر محافظتی فضای سبز بر زایمان زودرس را بیان کرده بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتیجه اکثر مطالعات حاکی از عدم ارتباط فضای سبز و زایمان زودرس و سن حاملگی در زمان زایمان بود. در‌حالی‌که تعدادی از مطالعات نتایج ضدونقیضی در مورد اثر محافظتی فضای سبز بر زایمان زودرس گزارش کردند. از این رو پیشنهاد می­شود مطالعات بیشتری در این زمینه انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Green space and preterm birth: A systematic review study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nasim Sadat Pajohanfar 1
  • Mohammad Miri 2
  • Saiedeh Mehrabadi 3
  • Roghaieh Rahmani Bilandi 4
1 M.Sc. Student of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Student workgroup of Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Environmental Health, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
3 M.Sc. of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
4 Assistant professor, Department of Midwifery, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The effect of environment on reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes has been expressed in some epidemiological studies. Exposure to green space has been shown to improve health as well as improve fetal growth and reduce the risk of pregnancy complications. This systematic review study was performed with aim to determine the relationship between green space and preterm birth.
Methods: In this review study, to obtain relevant studies, we searched the English databases of Pubmed, Scopus, Web of science and Persian databases of Iran Medex, SID and Magiran published until 8 April 2020, with the English and Persian keywords of green space and preterm birth and all possible combinations.
Results: From 6964 articles, 18 (12 cross-sectional studies and 6 cohort studies) which met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Most studies evaluated green space using the normalized Index of Vegetation Difference (NDVI), proximity to green space, and distance to the park. The results of 9 studies showed no relationship between green space and preterm birth, and other studies reported conflicting results on protective effect of green space on preterm birth.
Conclusion: The results of most studies showed no association between green space and preterm birth and gestational age at delivery time. While some studies reported conflicting results on protective effect of green space on preterm birth. Therefore, it is suggested that further studies be conducted in this area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gestational age
  • Green space
  • Preterm birth

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 23، شماره 6
شهریور 1399
صفحه 97-109

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