بررسی ارتباط عوامل خطر بیماریهای قلبی- عروقی در دوران بارداری مادر با کموزنی هنگام تولد در نوزادان

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه اپیدمیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات آسیب‌های روانی اجتماعی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه کودکان، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

4 استاد گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: شاخص وزن کم هنگام تولد، شاخص بسیار حساس و مفید برای سلامت کودک است، لذا بررسی عوامل خطر مربوط به آن بسیار مورد توجه است، بنابراین مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین ارتباط عوامل خطر بیماری‌های قلبی - عروقی مادری و خطر کم‌وزنی هنگام تولد در نوزادان انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه به روش ﻣﻮرد- ﺷﺎﻫﺪی بر روی 250 نفراز نوزادان تازه متولد شده در سال 1397 انجام گرفت که از این تعداد 125 نفر از نوزادان با وزن کم هنگام تولد به عنوان مورد و 125 نفر از نوزادان با وزن طبیعی به عنوان شاهد از بین افراد واجد شرایط به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها در گروه­های مورد و شاهد با استفاده از آزمون­های آماری جدول متقاطع، تی تست، کای­اسکوئر و رگرسیون لجستیک انجام گرفت. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس نتایج، برخی عوامل‌ خطر بیماری‌های قلبی - عروقی در مادران شامل: عدم فعالیت فیزیکی (007/0=p)، مواجهه با دود سیگار و دخانیات (005/0=p)، تری‌گلیسیرید (008/0=p)، کلسترول (028/0=p)، مصرف نمک سر سفره (004/0=p)، مصرف میوه ناکافی (05/0=p)، مصرف سبزیجات ناکافی (03/0=p) و مصرف فست‌فود و نوشابه (01/0=p) با کم‌وزنی نوزاد در هنگام تولد ارتباط معنی‌داری داشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: برخی عوامل خطر مادری بیماری­های قلبی - عروقی نظیر مواجهه با دود سیگار و دخانیات، مصرف نمک، مصرف فست­فود و نوشابه، عدم مصرف میوه و سبزیجات، عدم تحرک و بالا بودن تری­گلیسیرید خون می­توانند به عنوان عوامل خطر زمینه‌ساز کم­وزنی هنگام تولد در نظر گرفته شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between maternal cardiovascular diseases risk factors during pregnancy and low birth weight in neonates by Case-Control Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Rajaei 1
  • Yousef Vaisani 2
  • Reza Najafi 3
  • Ali Delpisheh 4
1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Social Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, School of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Low birth weight (LBW) is a very sensitive and useful index for child's health. Therefore, evaluation of the related risk factors is very noticeable. So, this study was performed with aim to determine the relationship between maternal cardiovascular diseases risk factors and low birth weight risk in neonates.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted in 2018 on 250 newborn infants, of which 125 with low birth weight were considered as case group and 125 with normal weight as control group. They were randomly selected from eligible individuals. Data were analyzed by statistical tests including crosstab, t-test, Chi-square and logistic regression with regard to error less than α = 0.05.
Results: Some risk factors of maternal cardiovascular diseases including physical inactivity (P = 0.007), exposure to smoke and tobacco (P = 0.005), triglyceride (P = 0.008), cholesterol (P = 0.028), salt intake (P = 0.004), inadequate consumption of fruit (P = 0.05), inadequate consumption of vegetables (P = 0.03), and consumption of fast food and drinks (P = 0.01) had significant relationship with LBW in neonates.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, some maternal risk factors of cardiovascular diseases such as exposure to tobacco smoke and smoking, salt intake, fast food and drinks, lack of fruits and vegetables consumption, lack of activity and high levels of triglyceride can be considered as risk factors for LBW.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cardiovascular diseases
  • Infant
  • Low birth weight
  • Risk factors

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 22، شماره 6
شهریور 1398
صفحه 65-74

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