تأثیر تمرینات هوازی در نوبتهای صبح و عصر در زنان باردار بر ترکیب بدنی زنان باردار تا دو ماه پس از زایمان

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.

3 مربی گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: تمرینات ورزشی می­تواند با جلوگیری از افزایش بی‌رویه وزن طی بارداری، تضمین کننده سلامت مادر در حین بارداری و پس از آن باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی و مقایسه تأثیر ۱۲ هفته تمرین هوازی در نوبت­های صبح و عصر بر ترکیب بدنی زنان باردار تا 2 ماه پس از زایمان انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه نیمه‌تجربی در سال 1396 بر روی 90 زن باردار با سن بارداری 25-24 هفته در مشهد انجام شد. شرکت‌کنندگان در سه گروه تمرین هوازی صبح (29 نفر)، تمرین هوازی عصر (26 نفر) و گروه کنترل (27 نفر) قرار گرفتند. برنامه تمرینی شامل 12 هفته سه جلسه‌ای و مدت هر جلسه 55-35 دقیقه و شامل راه رفتن تداومی بود. شدت تمرین 60% ضربان قلب ذخیره بیشینه در جلسات ابتدایی بود که به 45% در جلسات پایانی کاهش یافت. پارامترهای درصد چربی بدن و شاخص توده بدنی مادر در ابتدا و انتهای پژوهش تعیین شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه20) و آزمون­های کولموگروف اسمیرنوف، تی زوجی و آنووا انجام گرفت. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: 12 هفته تمرین هوازی بر میانگین چربی بدن شرکت‌کنندگان تأثیر معناداری داشت (020/0=p)، ولی بین تمرین صبح و عصر تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت (422/0=p). تمرین هوازی منتخب بر میانگین شاخص توده بدنی شرکت‌کنندگان تأثیر معناداری داشت (022/0=p)، ولی بین تمرین صبح و عصر تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت (293/0=p).
نتیجه‌گیری: پروتکل تمرینات هوازی، از افزایش بیش از حد چربی بدن زنان باردار جلوگیری نموده و موجب می­شود زنان باردار در حین بارداری، وزن‌گیری مطلوب‌تری داشته باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Aerobic Training in Morning and Evening on Maternal Body Composition Two Months Postpartum

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Ramezanpour 1
  • Azadeh Laeli 2
  • Zohreh Amirkhani 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
2 M.Sc. student in Sport Physiology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Instructor, Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Exercise can guarantee maternal health during pregnancy and after that by preventing excessive weight gain during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effect of 12 weeks aerobic training in the morning and evening routines on the body composition of pregnant women up to two months postpartum.
Methods:This quasi-experimental study was performed on 90 pregnant women with the gestational age of 25-24 weeks in Mashhad in 1396. The participants were divided into three groups, including morning aerobic exercise (n=29), evening aerobic training (n=26), and control group (n=27).The training program consisted of 12 weeks of three sessions with a duration of 35-35 min (each session) and included a continuous walk. Exercise intensity was 60% of the maximum heart rate reserve (HRR) in primary sessions, which dropped to 45% HRR in the final sessions. The parameters of body fat percentage and body mass index (BMI) were measured at the beginning and end of the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20), Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, T-test, and Analysis of variance (P≤0.05).
Results: Twelve weeks of aerobic training had an effect on the body fat percentage of the participants (P=0.020), but there was no significant difference between the morning and evening exercises (P=0.422).The selected aerobic exercise had an effect on the BMI index of the participants (P=0.022), but there was no significant difference between the morning and evening exercises (P = 0.293).
Conclusion: The aerobic exercise protocol prevents hyperlipidemia in pregnant women and causes pregnant women to gain weight better during pregnancy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Aerobic Exercise
  • Body Fat
  • Body mass index

مراجع

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 21، شماره 10
دی 1397
صفحه 13-19

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