شیوع پوکی استخوان در زنان یائسه ایرانی: مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه طب ورزشی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد IT، مرکز تحقیقات پیشگیری از آسیب‌های روانی اجتماعی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه آمار زیستی، مرکز تحقیقات پیشگیری از آسیب‌های روانی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه قلب و عروق، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: بیماری استئوپروز، اپیدمی خاموش عصر حاضر است. مطالعات متعدد در ایران، شیوع پوکی استخوان در زنان یائسه را در محدوده 77-8% گزارش کرده‌اند، ولی برآورد کلی از آن وجود ندارد. مطالعه مروری حاضر با هدف برآورد شیوع پوکی استخوان در زنان یائسه ایرانی به روش متاآنالیز انجام‌ شد.
روش‌کار: در این مطالعهجستجو با استفاده از کلیدواژه‌های معتبر فارسی و انگلیسی در بانک‌های اطلاعاتی داخلی و خارجی شامل: IranMedex، SID، Magiran، IranDoc، Medlib، ScienceDirect، Pubmed، Scopus، Cochrane، Embase، Web of Science، Medline و موتور جستجوی Google Scholar با استفاده از کلیدواژه‌های پوکی استخوان، یائسه و ایران به دو زبان فارسی و انگلیسی و بدون محدودیت زمانی تا سال 1396 انجام شد. ناهمگنی مطالعات با استفاده از شاخص I2 بررسی شد. داده‌ها با استفاده نرم‌افزار STATA نسخه 1/11 مورد تجزیه‌ و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها: در 50 مقاله مورد بررسی با حجم نمونه 38161 نفر، شیوع پوکی استخوان در زنان یائسه ایرانی 32% (فاصله اطمینان 95%: 39-26%) و شیوع تراکم استخوان پایین 51% برآورد گردید. شیوع پوکی استخوان در ناحیه کمر 32%، در ستون فقرات 21%، در گردن ران 25% و در مفصل ران 21% بود. همچنین شیوع تراکم استخوان پایین در ناحیه کمر، ستون فقرات، گردن ران و مفصل ران به ترتیب 39%، 29%، 26% و 39% به‌دست آمد. بر اساس نتایج متارگرسیون، بین شیوع پوکی استخوان زنان یائسه با سال انجام تحقیق ارتباط معناداری وجود نداشت.
نتیجه‌گیری: حدود نیمی از زنان یائسه ایرانی، تراکم استخوان پایینی دارند که این موضوع زنگ خطری جدی برای افزایش بروز پوکی استخوان و عوارض متعاقب آن محسوب می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prevalence of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farhad Hemmati 1
  • Diana Sarokhani 2
  • Kourosh Sayehmiri 3
  • Morteza Motadayen 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
2 M.Sc. in Information Technology, Prevention of Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Research Center of Prevention of Psychosocial Disorder, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a silent epidemic in the current era. While several studies in Iran have estimated the prevalence of osteoporosis at 8-77% in postmenopausal women, no rough estimate has been reported in this regard. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Iran.
Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted via searching in databases such as IranMedex, SID, Magiran, IranDoc, Medlib, ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, Medline, and Google Scholar using authentic Persian and English keywords, such as osteoporosis and postmenopausal, without a time limit for the studies published until 2017. Two researchers identified the relevant articles and extracted the data independently. Heterogeneity of the retrieved studies was assessed using the I2 index. Data analysis was performed in STATA software version 11 using the random effects model through a meta-analysis.
Results: In total, 50 studies performed on 38,161 subjects were reviewed. The prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women in Iran was 32% (95% CI, 26-39%), and the prevalence of low bone density was estimated at 51%. The prevalence of osteoporosis was reported to be 32% in the lumbar spine, 21% in the spine, 25% in femoral neck, and 21% in the hip. Additionally, the prevalence of low bone density in the lumbar spine, spine, femoral neck, and hip was 39%, 29%, 26%, and 39%, respectively. Meta-regression showed no significant association between the prevalence of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women and year of the studies.
Conclusion: According to the results, about half of Iranian menopausal women have low bone density, which is a considered to be a significant predisposing factor for the incidence of osteoporosis and its complications.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Osteoporosis
  • Bone Density
  • Postmenopausal
  • Meta-analysis
  • Iran

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 21، شماره 3
خرداد 1397
صفحه 90-102

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