بررسی تأثیر ورزش بر بی‌اختیاری استرسی ادرار در زنان: یک مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای بهداشت باروری، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 دکترای بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استاد مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، انستیتو سبک زندگی، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه الله (عج)، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: بی‌اختیاری استرسی ادرار بیماری ناتوان‌کننده‌ای است که زندگی زنان را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد و باید راهکارهایی برای آن در نظر گرفت. لذا مطالعه مروری حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر ورزش بر بی‌اختیاری استرسی ادراری زنان انجام شد.
روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مروری اطلاعات مربوط به تأثیر ورزش بر بی‌اختیاری ادراری استرسی زنان از پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی فارسی و انگلیسی شامل:Irandoc ، Magiran، Scopus، UpToDate،Elsevier Proquest ، Iranmedex، SID، Ebsco، Science direct، Google Scholar، Pubmed و web of science با استفاده از کلیدواژه‌های فارسی بی‌اختیاری ادرار، بی‌اختیاری ادراری استرسی، ورزش، سالمندی و معادل لاتین آنها Stress Urinary incontinence، Urinary incontinence، Elderly و Exercise بر اساس مش از سال2000 تا ژوئن 2017 جستجو شدند.
یافته‌ها: در نهایت 23 مطالعه مداخله‌ای شامل کارآزمایی بالینی یا نیمه‌تجربی که بین سال‌های 2017-2000 منتشر شده و دارای معیار ورود به مطالعه بودند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. در مرور صورت گرفته بر روی زنان با گروه‌های مختلف سنی و در سراسر دنیا، بیشتر مطالعات ارتباط مثبتی را بین ورزش کردن و ایجاد بی‌اختیاری ادراری استرسی گزارش کردند.
نتیجه‌گیری: در مطالعات انجام شده، ورزش منظم روزانه عضلات کف لگن، ورزش همزمان عضلات کف لگن و مرکزی تنه یا عرضی شکم، ژیمناستیک، پیلاتس، ورزش عضلات کف لگن به علاوه بیوفیدبک اینتراواژینال یا پرینئال، ورزش عضلات کف لگن همراه با دستگاه تکان دهنده عضلات یا تحریک الکتریکی، والسالوا، آمادگی جسمانی، ورزش پائولا، تمرینات کگل، تمرینات عضلات گلوتال و اداکتور ران، تمرینات تنزبرگر، فیزیوتراپی، تمرینات ایزومتریک و ورزش در آب در پیشگیری و درمان بی‌اختیاری استرسی ادراری زنان مؤثر بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Exercise on Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women: A Review Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shiva Khodarahmi 1
  • Nourosadat Kariman 2
  • Abbas Ebadi 3
  • Giti Ozgoli 2
1 PhD Student in Reproductive Health, student research committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD in Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Professor, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Institute of lifestyle, School of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Stress urinary incontinence is a disabling disease that affects the lives of women and requires solutions. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise on stress urinary incontinence in women.
Methods: In this review study, information related to the effects of exercise on stress urinary incontinence in women were searched in Persian and English in the databases of clinical trials registry centers, including Elsevier, ProQuest, UpToDate, Scopus, Magiran, Irandoc, SID, Iran medex, Sciencedirect, Pubmed, GoogleScholar and web of science using keywords of urinary incontinence, stress urinary incontinence, exercise, and elderly and their Persian equivalents. The search was based on a mesh during 2000-2017.
Results: In total, 23 interventional studies, including clinical trials and quasi-experiments, which were published during 2000-2017 and met the inclusion criteria, were assessed. In the review conducted on women with different age groups from across the world, most studies have reported a positive relationship between exercise and stress urinating incontinence.
Conclusion: Based on the published studies, following exercises are effective in prevention and treatment of stress urinary incontinence in women: regular daily pelvic floor muscle exercises, co-contraction of the muscles of the pelvic floor and central trunk or transverse abdominal, gymnastics, Pilates, exercise of pelvic floor muscles along with biofeedback intravaginal or perineal, pelvic floor muscles training using a muscles shocking device or electrical stimulation, Valsalva, physical fitness, Paula's Exercise, Kegel Exercise, training of the gluteal and adductor thigh muscles, Tensberger's exercises, physiotherapy, isometric exercises, and exercise in water.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urinary Incontinence
  • Stress Urinary Incontinence
  • Exercise

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 21، شماره 3
خرداد 1397
صفحه 78-89

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