ارتباط متغیرهای مرتبط با بارداری و خطر ابتلاء به سرطان پستان: مرور سیستماتیک

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 مربی گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

4 متخصص رادیوتراپی انکولوژی، بیمارستان شهدای تجریش، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

5 استادیار گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

6 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سرطان پستان شایع‌ترین سرطان شناخته‌ شده در جهان است که سبب مرگ‌ومیر گسترده در زنان می‌گردد. در اکثر موارد عامل خطر شناخته شده‌ای برای مبتلایان به سرطان پستان شناسایی نشده است. به نظر می‌رسد تغییرات هورمونی وسیعی که در بارداری رخ می‌دهند، در بروز سرطان پستان نقش دارند. از آن‌جایی که شناسایی عوامل خطر این بیماری به پیشگیری اولیه و تشخیص زودرس سرطان پستان کمک می‌کند، مطالعه حاضر با هدف مروری سیستماتیک بر مطالعات انجام شده در مورد متغیرهای مرتبط با بارداری و خطر سرطان پستان در ایران و جهان انجام شد.
روش کار: در این مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک، مطالعات مورد نظر از پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی Google Scholar، Scopus، Pubmed، Science Direct، Cochrane و SID با کلیدواژه‌های سرطان پستان و متغیرهای مرتبط بارداری در بازه زمانی 2000 تا 2017 جستجو شدند. بر اساس معیار نیوکاسل اتاوا، مطالعاتی که امتیاز 6 و یا بیشتر گرفتند، وارد مطالعه شدند. نتایج به صورت کیفی گزارش شد.
یافته ها: در این مطالعه 50 مقاله شامل 26 مقاله مورد شاهدی و 24 مقاله هم‌گروهی که دارای معیار ورود به مطالعه بودند، بررسی شدند. بررسی‌ها نشان داد در بین متغیرهای مورد بررسی، سقط و پره­اکلامپسی ارتباط قوی‌تری با سرطان پستان دارند.
نتیجه گیری: به نظر می‌رسد که وجود سابقه‌ سقط باعث افزایش خطر سرطان پستان می‌گردد. همچنین سابقه پره­اکلامپسی نقشی محافظت‌کننده در سرطان پستان دارد. در مورد ارتباط دیابت بارداری و چندقلویی با سرطان پستان، نیاز به انجام مطالعات بیشتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between pregnancy-associated variables and breast cancer risk: A systematic review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zohreh Yeganeh 1
  • Zohre Sheikhan 2
  • Nourossadat Kariman 3
  • Parasto Hajian 4
  • Malihe Nasiri 5
  • Narges Mirzadeh 6
1 M.Sc. Student of Midwifery, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Instructor, Department of Midwifery, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 Radiotherapist-oncologist, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Shohada Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatics, Faculty of Paramedics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
6 M.Sc. Student of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Globally, breast cancer is the most common malignancy causing extensive mortality in women. In most cases, there is no known risk factor for breast cancer. Extensive hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy appear to be involved in the etiology of breast cancer. Since identifying risk factors helps with primary prevention and early diagnosis of breast cancer, this study was performed to systematically review studies about pregnancy-related variables and the risk of breast cancer in Iran and worldwide.
Methods: In this systematic review, we searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, SID, and Science Direct databases using keywords of “pregnancy-related variables” and “breast cancer” to retrieve articles published during 2000-2017. Then, those articles that obtained a score of ≥ 6 based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale were entered to the study. The results were reported qualitatively.
Results: Fifty articles consisting of 26 case-controls and 24 cohort articles, which met the inclusion criteria, were investigated. Our evaluations indicated that among the factors examined, abortion and preeclampsia had a stronger relationship with breast cancer.
Conclusion: History of abortion seems to increase the risk of breast cancer. Also, history of preeclampsia plays a protective role in breast cancer. Further studies are needed to examine the relationship of gestational diabetes and multiple gestations with breast cancer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Breast Cancer
  • Abortion
  • Preeclampsia
  • Gestational diabetes
  • Multiple gestations
  • Systematic review

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 21، شماره 2
اردیبهشت 1397
صفحه 85-97

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