کاربرد نانوساختارهای تشخیصی و درمانی در سرطان گردن رحم: یک مقاله مروری

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد ویروس شناسی، مرکز تحقیقات مقاومت‌های میکروبی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دکترای تخصصی PhD، پزشکی مولکولی، گروه علوم و فنون نوین، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار، ویروس‌شناسی پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات مقاومت‌های میکروبی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سرطان، یکی‌ از اصلی‌‌ترین مشکلات سلامتی‌ انسان‌ها در سراسر جهان است. از این میان، سرطان گردن رحم دومین سرطان شایع در میان زنان در دنیاست. حدود ۸۰% از موارد جدید سرطان گردن رحم در کشور‌های در حال توسعه اتفاق می‌افتد. با توجه به مشکلات موجود در امر تشخیص و درمان این سرطان طی‌ دو دهه گذشته، دارو‌های مولکولی، کمک شایانی به تشخیص و درمان انواع سرطان­ها از جمله سرطان گردن رحم نموده‌اند که از جمله این مواد و داروها می‌توان به انواع نانوساختار‌های چند منظوره اشاره کرد. مطالعه مروری حاضر با هدف معرفی‌ و بررسی تعدادی از نانوساختار‌های تولید شده در این زمینه انجام شد.
روش‌کار: کلمات کلیدی Diagnostic nanoparticles، Therapeutic nanoparticles، nanoparticles Organic، Inorganic nanoparticles و Cervical cancer که از واژه‌نامه پزشکی‌ Mesh انتخاب شده بودند، در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی‌ ISI، PubMed، Google scholar و Scopus جستجو شدند. برای انتخاب مقالات، محدودیت زمانی‌ در نظر گرفته نشد. ورود مقالات به این مطالعه مروری، بر اساس استفاده از نانو ساختار‌ها در تشخیص یا درمان سرطان گردن رحم بود. در انتها، داده‌های ورودی به صورت کیفی‌، مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. 
یافته‌ها: با بررسی مقالات مختلف و با توجه به نتایج آزمایشات، مشخص شد که نانوذرات به طور کلی می­توانند یکی‌ از کاندیداهای مناسب برای تشخیص و درمان سرطان گردن رحم باشند. از میان این نانوساختارها، نانوذرات اکسید آهن دارای بیش‌ترین کاربرد در زمینه تشخیص این سرطان بودند که به وسیله خاصیت سوپر پارامغناطیسی‌، امکان تصویربرداری غیر تهاجمی MRI را برای بیماران فراهم کرده‌اند. برای درمان نیز از دارو‌های متداول مورد استفاده در این زمینه به همراه نانوساختار‌های مناسب مانند PLGA برای هدف‌گیری و تجمع دارو در بافت مورد نظر استفاده شده است. 
نتیجه‌گیری: به طور کلی، نانوذرات اکسید آهن سوپرپارامغناطیس و نانوذرات طلا با پوشش نقره می‌توانند کاندیدای مناسبی در تشخیص و درمان همزمان سرطان گردن رحم باشند. همچنین، از میان نانوذرات آلی، نانوذرات PLGA در زمینه دارورسانی به بافت توموری سرطان گردن رحم بیشترین کاربرد را داشته‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of nanostructures in diagnosis and therapy of cervical cancer: A review study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kiana Ketabi 1
  • Aida Gholoobi 2
  • Zahra Meshkat 3
1 M.Sc. student in Virology, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 PhD of Molecular Medicine, Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Associate professor, Department of Medicine Virology, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Cancer is one of the major health problems throughout the world. Among these, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the world. About 80% of new cases of cervical cancer occur in developing countries. Regarding to the problems in diagnosis and treatment of this cancer during past two decades, molecular drugs have helped to the diagnosis and treatment of different kinds of cancers, including cervical cancer. In this regard, we can name a variety of multifunctional nanostructures. The present review study was performed with aim to introduce and evaluate some of the current nanostructures developed for this purpose.
Methods: The key words of diagnostic nanoparticles, therapeutic nanoparticles, organic nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles and cervical cancer which were selected from Mesh were searched in scientific databases such as ISI, Pub Med, Google scholar and Scopus with no time limitation. The articles' entering to this review study was based on using the nanostructures in diagnosis or treatment of cervical cancer. At the end, input data were qualitatively analyzed.
Results: By reviewing several articles and according to the studies' results, it was found that nanoparticles can generally be one of the proper candidates for diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. Among these nanostructures, iron oxide nanoparticle had the greatest apply in diagnosis of this cancer that due to its super-paramagnetic property, had provided the possibility of non-invasive MRI imaging for patients. For treatment of cervical cancer, routine drugs along with suitable nanostructures such as PLGA to target and accumulate drugs to the target tissue have been used.
Conclusion: In general, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and Au/Ag core-shell nanoparticles can be a good candidate for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. Also, among the organic nanoparticles, PLGA nanoparticles had the greatest apply in the delivery of drugs to the target tissue of cervical cancer.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cervical Cancer
  • Diagnostic nanoparticles
  • Human papilloma virus
  • Inorganic nanoparticles
  • Nanotechnology
  • Organic nanoparticles
  • Therapeutic nanoparticles
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