رابطه آگاهی از خودآزمایی پستان (BSE) با عوامل فردی در مدیریت سلامت زنان

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی تربیتی دانشگاه تبریز، کارشناس مرکز مشاوره دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اجا، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سرطان سومین علت مرگ‌ومیر در ایران و سرطان پستان شایع‌ترین علت مرگ‌ومیر در زنان ایرانی می‌باشد. تشخیص زودرس می‏تواند منجر به درمان مؤثر و ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی بیماران شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر مؤلفه‌های فردی بر آگاهی زنان از خودآزمایی پستان جهت تمرکز آموزش بر گروه‌های خاص جمعیتی در مدیریت سلامت زنان جامعه انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی و از نوع همبستگی در سال 1394 بر روی ٢٠٠ زن مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی کرج انجام شد. داده‏ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه خودساخته تعیین عوامل فردی (سن، تحصیلات، وضعیت اقتصادی) و مصاحبه حضوری برای تعیین آگاهی درست از انجام خودآزمایی پستان جمع‌آوری ‌شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‏ها: از مجموع ٢٠٠ زن با میانگین سنی 7/9± 5/35 سال، 97 نفر (5/48%) از خودآزمایی پستان آگاهی داشته و آن را درست انجام می‏دادند و 103 نفر (5/51%) اطلاعی نداشته و یا آگاهی آنان از نحوه انجام خودآزمایی پستان نادرست بود. 29 نفر (8/29%) از زنان آگاه و 68 نفر (4/52%) از زنان ناآگاه از خودآزمایی پستان، بی‌سواد و کم‏سواد بودند. بر اساس نتایج مطالعه، بین سطح تحصیلات و آگاهی از خودآزمایی پستان رابطه معناداری وجود داشت (05/0p< )، درحالی‌که بین آگاهی از خودآزمایی با درآمد خانواده و سن ارتباط معناداری وجود نداشت (05/0p>).
نتیجه‏گیری: کمبود آگاهی از خودآزمایی پستان در زنان ایرانی وجود دارد. برای مدیریت سلامت زنان، آموزش به خانواده‏های با سطح تحصیلات پایین می‏تواند در تشخیص زودرس و کاهش مرگ‌ومیر ناشی از این بیماری بسیار مؤثر باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The relationship between breast self-examination (BSE) awareness and demographic factors in women health management

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojgan Neinavaie 1
  • Hamid Reza Soltani 2
  • Nadia Soltani 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.
2 M.Sc. in Psychology, Faculty of Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
3 PhD student of Educational Psychology, Tabriz University, BC of Counselling Center, AJA Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Cancer is third leading cause of death in Iran and breast cancer is the most common cause of death in Iranian women. Early diagnosis can lead to effective treatment and improves the patient's quality of life. This study was performed with aim to determine the effect of demographic factors on women's Breast Self-Examination awareness in order to focus education on specific group's population in society women health management.
Methods: This is descriptive-analytic and correlational study was performed on 200 women referring to Karaj health care centers in 2015. Data was collected by using a self-made questionnaire about demographic factors (age, economic status and literacy) and interviews to determine the proper awareness about BSE. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 16). PResults: Among 200 women with mean age of 35.5±9.7, 97 cases (48.5%) were aware of breast self-examination and performed it in correct way and103 (51.5%) didn't aware or performed it incorrectly. 29 cases (29.8%) of aware women and 68 (52.4%) of unaware women were illiterate and semi-literate. There was significant relationship between educational level and breast self-exam awareness (P<0.05).While no significant relationship was found between BSE awareness with family income and age (P>0.05).
Conclusion: There is a lack of breast self-examination awareness in the Iranian women. For women health management, education to families with lower educational levels may highly effective to early diagnosis and reduce mortality from this disease.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Awareness
  • Breast Self-Examination
  • Factors
  • management

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 20، شماره 1
فروردین 1396
صفحه 15-22

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