بررسی وضعیت جنین آزاری و فاکتورهای مساعدکننده آن در زنان باردار مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان های منتخب دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی شهر تهران در سال 1391

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

4 مربی گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

5 دانشیار گروه آمار، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: جنین‌آزاری، یک بحران در وضعیت بهداشت عمومی است؛ چرا که منجر به آسیب جبران‌ناپذیر جسمی، روانی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی می‌شود. به لحاظ اهمیت فراوان این موضوع، مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین وضعیت جنین‌آزاری و فاکتورهای مساعدکننده آن انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه توصیفی- مقطعی در سال 1391 بر روی 250 زن باردار مراجعه‌کننده به بیمارستان‌های تحت پوشش دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه اطلاعات فردی، پرسشنامه افسردگی بک و اضطراب اشپیل برگر و همچنین پرسشنامه‌ای شامل سؤالاتی در زمینه جنین‌آزاری و عوامل مؤثر بر آن بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 18) و آزمون های کای دو و تست دقیق فیشر انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنادار در نظر گرفته شود.
یافته‏ها: در این مطالعه بین آگاهی از تعداد مراقبت‌های دوران پره ناتال، آگاهی از فواید و مضرات انجام سونوگرافی و همچنین استعمال سیگار و مواد مخدر در بارداری با تحصیلات زنان و همسرانشان تفاوت آماری معناداری وجود داشت (05/0p<). بین خشونت کلامی و خشونت فیزیکی در پاسخ به حرکات جنین با ناخواسته بودن بارداری و ناخواسته بودن جنسیت جنین تفاوت آماری معناداری وجود داشت (001/0p<). همچنین بین خشونت فیزیکی همسر به منظور آسیب رساندن به جنین با حاملگی ناخواسته (001/0p<)، ناخواسته بودن جنسیت جنین (004/0=p)، مشکلات خانوادگی (001/0p<) و مدت زمان سپری شده از ازدواج تفاوت آماری معناداری وجود داشت.
نتیجه گیری: از جمله شایع‌ترین فاکتورهای مساعد کننده جنین‌آزاری عدم آگاهی مادر از تعداد دفعات مراقبت های بارداری، مضرات استعمال سیگار در بارداری، فواید و مضرات سونوگرافی در بارداری، عدم دریافت مراقبت‌های بارداری، ناخواسته بودن جنسیت جنین و استعمال سیگار توسط همسر می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Survey of fetal abuse status and predisposing factors in pregnant women referred to the selected hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 2012

نویسندگان [English]

  • Giti Ozgoli 1
  • Maryam Armand 2
  • Marzieh Saei Gharenaz 3
  • Zohreh Sheikhan 4
  • Hamid Alavi Majd 5
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery& Reproductive health, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 M.Sc., Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 M.Sc., Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
4 Instructor, Department of Midwifery& Reproductive health, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Associate professor, department of Statistics, School of Paramedics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Fetal abuse is a crisis in public health, because it causes irreparable physical, psychological, social and economic damage. Due to the importance of this issue, this study was performed with aim to determine the fetal abuse status and predisposing factors.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 250 pregnant women referred to the hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2012. Data collection tools were demographic characteristics questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and a questionnaire containing the questions regarding to fetal abuse and predisposing factors. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 18) and Chi-square and Fisher exact test. PResults: In this stud, there was significant difference between the awareness of the number of prenatal care, awareness of the benefits and risks of ultrasound and smoking during pregnancy with women and their spouses’ education (P<0.05). Also, significant difference was observed between verbal and physical violence in response to fetal movement with unwanted pregnancy and unwanted sex of the fetus (P<0.001). Also, there was significant difference between partner physical violence to damage the fetus with unwanted pregnancy (P<0.001), unwanted sex of the fetus (P=0.004), family problems (P<0.001) and the time spent from marriage
Conclusion: The most common predisposing factors of fetal abuse are the mother's unawareness from the number of prenatal care, the risks of smoking during pregnancy, the benefits and risks of ultrasound during pregnancy, no receiving prenatal care, unwanted sex of the fetus, and using smoking by the spouse.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drug abuse
  • Fetal abuse
  • Pregnant Women
  • violence

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 19، شماره 12
هفته چهارم خرداد ماه 1395
خرداد 1395
صفحه 1-9

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