ارتباط رژیم غذایی با افسردگی پس از زایمان در زنان

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکترای پژوهش محور، مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی درمانی تبریز، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

5 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات پیشگیری از مصدومیت‌ها‌ی ترافیکی جاده‌ای، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: بر اساس نظر سازمان جهانی بهداشت، افسردگی دومین بیماری بعد از بیماری‌های ایسکمیک قلبی تا سال 2020 خواهد بود و افسردگی بعد از زایمان نیز به عنوان یک دوره‌ای از افسردگی ماژور اثرات زیانباری بر سلامت مادر و نوزاد و حتی کل خانواده برجای می‌گذارد،لذامطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی ارتباط و سهم هر یک از فاکتورهای دریافتی از طریق رژیم غذایی با افسردگی پس از زایمان انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه مقطعی در سال 1393 بر روی 95 زن زایمان کرده در 8 هفته پس از زایمان در مراکز بهداشتی شهر تبریز انجام گرفت. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها در این مطالعه، فرم مشخصات فردی اجتماعی و مامایی، پرسشنامه افسردگی ادینبورگ و پرسشنامه یادآمد غذایی 24 ساعته که در طی سه روز که شامل یک روز تعطیل و دو روز غیر تعطیل بود، توسط افراد تکمیل شد و از این سه روز میانگین گرفته شد. کسب نمره‌ 12 و بالاتر به منزله‌ افسردگی مادران بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 20) انجام شد. همچنین جهت بررسی ارتباط رژیم غذایی و افسردگی و تعیین میزان سهم هر یک از این فاکتورها در ایجاد افسردگی از تحلیل شبکه های عصبی استفاده شد.
یافته ها: میانگین نمره مقیاس افسردگی 4/4±1/7 بود. در مجموع 83 زن (4/87%) از مادران نمره ادینبورگ پایین‌تر از 12 داشتند. بر اساس تحلیل شبکه های عصبی، اسید چرب امگا-3 (25%)، کلسترول (32%)، اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع چندگانه (36%) و اسید چرب امگا-6 (42%) کم‌ترین سهم را در افزایش نمره افسردگی ادینبورگ به نسبت روی (61%)، منیزیم (78%) و چربی اشباع شده (90%) داشتند.
نتیجه گیری: با توجه به اینکه فاکتورهای دریافتی از قبیل امگا-3، کلسترول، اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع چندگانه و امگا-6 کم‌ترین سهم را در افزایش نمره افسردگی پس از زایمان دارند، می‌توان گفت یک نوع حالت حفاظتی در برابر افزایش نمره ادینبورگ را ایفا می کنند و می‌توانند در رژیم غذایی افراد پیشنهاد شوند

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between Diet and Postpartum Depression in Postpartum Women in Tabriz

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Edalati Fard 1
  • Mojgan Mirghafourvand 2
  • Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh- Charandabi 3
  • Azizeh Farshbaf-Khalili 4
  • Mohamad Asghari Jafaraabadi 5
1 M.Sc. student of Midwifery, Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4 Ph.D. Student of Research-Centered, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Road Traffic Injury Research Center, School of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, depression will be the second most prevalent disease after ischemic heart diseases by the year 2020. Postpartum depression as a major depressive episode has devastating impacts on the health of the mother, the infant, and even the entire family.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2014 on 95 postpartum women aged 18 years and older in health centers in Tabriz, Iran, 8 weeks after delivery. Eligible subjects were entered into the study using the convenience sampling method. Demographic, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and 24-hour dietary recall questionnaires were completed by participants for 3 days that included one working and 2 non-working days, which were then averaged. Mothers with a score of 12 or higher were considered depressed. The data was analyzed using SPSS (ver. 20) and neural networks were used to determine the association between diet and depression and contribution of each of these factors.
Results: Mean of depression score was 7.1 (SD 4.4). 83 mothers (87.4%) had Edinburg scores lower than 12. Based on findings from neural networks, Omega 3 (25%), Cholesterol (32%), Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) (36%), and Omega 6 (42%) had smaller shares in increasing the Edinburg scores, in comparison with Zinc (61%), Magnesium (78%), and Saturated fatty acids (90%).   
Conclusion: Since Omega 3, Cholesterol, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, and Omega 6 intake factors had the smallest shares in increasing the postpartum depression score, they can be recommended in diets.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fat
  • magnesium
  • Postpartum Depression
  • zinc

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 18، شماره 182
هفته چهارم بهمن ماه 1394
بهمن 1394
صفحه 1-10

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