مقایسه میزان اثربخشی دو نوع فعالیت بدنی مفرح و معمولی بر سطح تحرک و علاقه مندی به انجام ورزش در زنان سالمند ساکن در خانه های سالمندان شهر مشهد

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناس ارشد آموزش پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه سالمند شناسی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه طب فیزیکی وتوانبخشی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد،مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: مهم ترین مسئله در ارتقاء سلامت و کیفیت زندگی سالمندان، حفظ استقلال بالای آنان در فعالیت های فیزیکی، شناختی و ادامه زندگی به صورت فعال می باشد. سالمندان به دلایل مختلفی از جمله تنبلی، نبودِ همراه و عدم علاقه و انگیزه به زندگی، فعالیت بدنی کمتری دارند. اجرای فعالیت بدنی مفرح باعث افزایش تعداد دفعات ملاقات سالمندان با افراد دیگر و سرگرم شدن و افزایش علاقه مندی به انجام فعالیت های بدنی می شود که در نهایت ممکن است به بهبود وضعیت تحرک و افزایش علاقه مندی به ورزش در سالمندان کمک کند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه فعالیت بدنی مفرح و معمولی بر میزان تحرک و علاقه مندی به ورزش در زنان سالمندان مقیم خانه های سالمندان انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی دو گروهه در سال 93-1392 بر روی 63 سالمند (28 نفر در گروه مداخله و 35 نفر در گروه کنترل) ساکن در خانه های سالمندان شهر مشهد انجام شد. گروه مداخله به مدت 2 ماه، هفته ای 3 مرتبه به مدت 20 دقیقه تمرینات فیزیکی مفرح و گروه کنترل تمرینات ورزشی روتین خانه سالمندان را انجام دادند. ابزارهای استاندارد مورد استفاده ابزار تحرک سالمندان و پرسشنامه مقیاس وابستگی به انجام ورزش بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 5/11) و آزمون های تی مستقل و من ویتنی انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: میانگین سن سالمندان 0/7±5/72 سال بود. میانگین اصلاحی تحرک و میانگین علاقه مندی به ورزش سالمندان در دو گروه در مرحله بعد از مداخله، تفاوت معنی داری داشت (001/0>p).
نتیجه گیری: فعالیت های ورزشی مفرح باعث بهبودی وضعیت تحرک از طریق افزایش علاقه مندی زنان سالمند به ورزش می شود. بنابراین با آگاه کردن مسئولین خانه های سالمندان از پروتکل فعالیت های بدنی مفرح و اجرای آن می توان از بروز بسیاری از اختلالات حرکتی پیشگیری کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the effect of two fun and regular physical activities on the rate of activity and interest to perform exercise in older women residential in Mashhad nursing homes

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Reza Mazloum 1
  • Zohreh Najafi 2
  • Hadi koushyar 3
  • Amin Azhari 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Student of Nursing Education, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Gerontology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: The most important issue to improve the health and quality of life for older adults is maintaining their high independence in physical and cognitive activities, and continue to active life. Various factors such as laziness, lack of fellow, and lack of interest to life in elderly have reduced their physical activity. Performing fun physical activities increases the frequency of elderly meeting with other people and entertaining and increased interest to physical activity which ultimately may improve their mobility status and increase interest to exercise in elderly. This study was performed with aim to compare the effect of two fun and regular physical activities on the rate of activity and interest to perform exercise in elderly women residential in nursing homes.
Methods: This two-group clinical randomized trial was carried out on 63 elderly (28 in intervention group and 35 in control group) residents of Mashhad nursing homes in 2013-2014. The experimental group performed fun physical exercises for two months, 3 times a week for 20 minute, and control group performed routine exercises of nursing homes. The used standard tools were Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS) and Exercise Dependence Scale (EDS). Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 11.5), and independent-t test and Man-Whitney test. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results:The mean age in elderly was 72.5±7.0 yrs. There was significant difference between two groups after intervention in mean corrective mobility and mean interest to exercise (P < 0.001).
Discussion: Fun exercise activities improve the mobility status by increasing of their interest to exercise in older women.Therefore, by informing the authorities of nursing homes from fun physical activity protocol and its implementation, we can prevent the onset of many movement disorders.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Activity
  • Clinical trial
  • Elderly
  • Interest to exercise
  • Nursing homes
  • Physical Activity

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 18، شماره 162 - شماره پیاپی 162
هفته چهارم شهریور ماه 1394
شهریور 1394
صفحه 1-10

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