مقایسه تأثیر دو نوع تمرین منتخب تراباند و پیلاتس بر تعادل و قدرت اندام تحتانی زنان سالمند

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد حرکات اصلاحی و آسیب شناسی ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام رضا (ع)، مشهد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه علوم ورزشی، مرکز آموزش عالی کاشمر، کاشمر، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: ضعف تعادل از جمله عوامل خطرزای افتادن، آسیب دیدگی و یا حتی مرگ سالمندان به شمار می رود. با توجه به این که یکی از اصلی ترین عوامل زمین خوردن در بین سالمندان ضعف عملکرد عصبی- عضلانی و عدم تعادل می باشد، موضوع تعادل و بازتوانی آن مورد توجه محققان قرار گرفته است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه تأثیر دو نوع تمرین منتخب تراباند و پیلاتس بر تعادل و قدرت اندام تحتانی زنان سالمند انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه نیمه تجربی (مداخله ای) با پیش آزمون و پس آزمون در سال 1393 بر روی 45 زن سالمند در محدوده سنی 75-60 سال در مشهد انجام شد. افراد به طور تصادفی در سه گروه تمرین تراباند، تمرین پیلاتس و کنترل قرار گرفتند. گروه‌ های تجربی به مدت 6 هفته، در دو تمرین تراباند و تمرین پیلاتس شرکت کردند. گروه کنترل در طول اجرای طرح، به فعالیت‌ های روزمره‌ خود پرداختند. قبل و بعد از 6 هفته تمرین، تست برگ (تعادل پویا) و 30 ثانیه نشستن روی صندلی (قدرت اندام تحتانی) به عمل آمد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از آزمون کوواریانس، آنالیز واریانس ، آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی و اختلاف میانگین ها انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: برنامه های تمرینی تراباند و پیلاتس باعث بهبود معنی دار در تعادل پویا و قدرت اندام تحتانی در زنان سالمند شد. همچنین تمرینات تراباند بر تعادل پویا و تمرینات پیلاتس بر قدرت اندام تحتانی تأثیر بیشتری داشت.
نتیجه گیری: تمرینات پیلاتس و تراباند هر دو باعث افزایش تعادل پویا و قدرت اندام تحتانی در زنان سالمند می شود، اما اثر تمرین پیلاتس بر قدرت اندام تحتانی و اثر تمرین تراباند بر تعادل پویا بیشتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the effects of two selected exercises of Theraband and Pilates on the balance and strength of lower limb in elderly women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Paria Dashti 1
  • Mohammad Shabani 2
  • Mahtab Moazami 3
1 MSc of Corrective Exercises and Pathology, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Sciences, Kashmar excellent Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Mashhad Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Poor balance is one of the risk factors of falling, injury and even death of elderly. Since disorders in neuromuscular performance and imbalance are the main cause of falling among the elderly, its rehabilitation and balance are the main concern of the researchers. The present study was performed with aim to compare the effects of two selected exercises of Theraband and Pilates on the balance and strength of lower limb in elderly women.
Methods: This semi-experimental (interventional) study was performed with pre-test and post-test on 45 women aged 60-75 years old in Mashhad in 2014. They were randomly divided into three groups: the Theraband training, Pilates training, and control groups. The experimental groups participated for six weeks in Theraband and Pilates trainings. The control group did their daily activities during the project. Before and after the six weeks of training, Berg test (dynamic balance) and thirty Second Chair Stand test (strength of lower limb) were given. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis (ANCOVA), Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Bonferroni post hoc test and Mean Difference. P˂0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Pilates and Theraband trainings led to a significant improvement in the dynamic balance and strength of lower limb in elderly women. Furthermore, Theraband trainings was more affective on the dynamic balance and Pilates trainings on the strength of lower limb.
Conclusions: both Pilates and Theraband trainings lead to the increase of the dynamic balance and strength of lower limb in elderly women, but, Pilates training was more effective on strength of lower limb and Theraband training was more effective on dynamic balance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Balance
  • Elderly Women
  • Lower limb strength
  • Pilates
  • Theraband

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 18، شماره 153 - شماره پیاپی 153
هفته سوم تیر ماه 1394
تیر 1394
صفحه 1-9

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