Evaluation of the relationship between Periodontal disease and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in pregnant women referred to selected public health centers of Mashhad in 2011

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Instructor of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

2 M.Sc. of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor of Biostatistics, School of Paramedical, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

4 Assistant Professor, Department of periodontics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

5 Dentist, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common medical complication in pregnancy. Increased levels of inflammatory cytokines among women with gestational diabetes is suggestive of inflammation and infection as one of the etiologies of gestational diabetes. These cytokines can enter from periodontal tissues into the mother's bloodstream and severely stimulate maternal systemic inflammatory response. Various risk factors have been mentioned for gestational diabetes, but just a few studies have assessed the relationship between periodontal disease and gestational diabetes. This study was performed with aim to evaluate the relationship between periodontal disease and gestational diabetes.
Methods: this historical cohort study was conducted on 91 women affected to periodontal disease (case group) and 186 healthy women (control group) referred to selected health-care centers of Mashhad in 2014. Data gathering method included questionnaire, observation checklist, dental probe for assessment of periodontal patients and spectrophotometry for determination of blood sugar. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 16), t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Logistic regression. PResults: Affecting to periodontal disease was related to gestational diabetes (P<0.05). Affecting risk ratio to diabetes in women with periodontal disease was 5.7 times more than people without periodontal disease.
Conclusion: Affecting to periodontal disease (disseminated chronic priodontitis) can be a risk factor for affecting to gestational diabetes.

Keywords

References

1-       Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom S, Hauth JC, Rouse DJ, SpongandCY. Williams Obstetrics.23th ed. New York: MC Graw, Hill Companies; 2010.
2-       Berghella V. Maternal-Fetal Evidence Based Guidelines. London: Informa Healthcare; 2007.
3-       Anderoli TE, Carpenter CCJ, Cecil RLF. Anderoli and Carpenters Cecil Essentials Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Sanders Elsevier;2007.
4-       Fraser D, Cooper M. Myles text book for midwives. 14th ed. London: Churchill living stone publishing; 2009.
5-       Murgia C, Berria R, Minerba L, Sulis S,  Murenu M, Portoghese E. Risk assessment does not explain high prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in a large group of Sardinian women. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology. 2008; 6:26.
6-       Harmel PA, Mathur R. Davidsons Diabetes Mellitus, Diagnosis and Treatment. Philalelphia: Sanders Publishing; 2004.
7-       Krishna U, Tank Dk, Daftary S. Pregnancy at risk. 3th ed. New delhi: Jaypee brothers publishing; 2001.
8-       Gilmartin A, Ural S, Repke J. Gestational diabetes mellitus. Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2008; 1(3):129-34.
9-       Alamolhoda H, Kariman N, Panah H, Alavimajd H. The relationship between cigarette smoking and gestational diabetes. Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2005;18(71):34-41. (Persian(.
10-    Kwak SH, Kim H S, Choi SH, Lim S,   Cho YM,   Park KS, et al. Subsequent pregnancy after gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2008; 31(9):1867-71.
11-    Hain JA, Rana S, Tamez H, Wang A, Cohen B, Brown F, and et al. Risk for developing gestation diabetes in women with twine pregnancies. Maternal Fetal Neonatal Medical. 2009; 22(4):293-99.
12-    Hunt K J, Schuller K. The increasing prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2007; 34(2):173-80.
13-    Dasanayake AP, Chhun N, Tanner A.C.R, Craig R.G, Lee M.J, Moore A.F and et al. Periodontal pathogens and gestational diabetes mellitus. Journal of Dental Research2008; 87(4):328-33.
14-    Xiong X, Elkind HE. Vastardis S, Delarosa RL,  Pridjian G, Buekens P.. Periodontal disease is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus: A case- control study. J Periodontol .2009; 80(11): 1742-49.
15-    Boggess KA, Espinola J.A, Moss K, Beck J, Offenbacher S, Camargo JR, et al. Vitamin D status and periodontal disease among pregnant women. J Periodontol. 2011; 82: 195-200.
16-    Srinivas SK, Sammel MD, Stamilio DM, Clothier B, and et al. Periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Is there an association. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009; 200: 497-504.
17-    Xiong X, Buekens P, Vastardis S, Pridjian G. Periodontal disease and gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol.. 2006; 195(4): 1086-89.
18-    Carranza FA, Forrest J, Kenny B, Klokkevold PR, Newman MG, Novak J, et al. Carranzas clinical periodontology. 9th ed. Philadelphia: Sanders Elsevier; 2006.
19-    Kirwan PJ, Hauguel-De Mouzon S, Lepercq J, Challier JC, Huston-Presley L, Friedman JE , et al. TNF- Is a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in Human Pregnanc. Diabetes.2002; 51(7):2207-13.
20-    Wang SL, Liu PQ, Ding Y, Peng W , Qu X.. Maternal serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration and correlation with insulin resistance in gestational diabetes. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 2004; 39(11):737-40.
21-    Kirwan, PJ. Hauguel-De Mouzon, S. Lepercq, J. Challier, JC, Huston-Presley L, Friedman JE, et al. TNF- Is a Predictor of Insulin Resistance in Human Pregnanc. Diabetes. 2002; 51: 2207-13.
22-    Wolf M, myles S J, And et al. Inflamation and glucose intolerance. A prospective study of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(1):21-7.
23-    Ruiz DR, Romito GA, Dib SA. Periodontal disease in gestational and type 1 diabetes mellitus pregnant women. Oral Diseases 2011; 17(5): 515-21(abstract).

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics