تأثیر آموزش سلامت یائسگی به همسران بر حمایت اجتماعی درک شده زنان در دوره گذر به یائسگی

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، مرکز تحقیقات سالمندی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آموزش بهداشت، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

4 مربی گروه پرستاری بهداشت جامعه و روان، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

5 دانشیار گروه آمار و اپیدمیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات پیشگیری و اپیدمیولوژی بیماری های غیر واگیر، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد، یزد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: یائسگی، پدیده ای است که تمام زنان آن را تجربه خواهند کرد. حمایت اجتماعی زنان، نقش محافظتی برای سلامت روانی داشته و فرد را قادر می سازد با مشکلات کنار بیاید و تأثیر بسزایی در کاهش استرس و افسردگی دارد. از آنجایی که همسر، مهمترین فردی است که می تواند منبع این حمایت باشد، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر آموزش درباره سلامت دوره یائسگی به همسران زنان 55-45 ساله بر حمایت اجتماعی درک شده زنان انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه نیمه تجربی در سال 1393 بر روی 100 زن 55-45 ساله و همسران آنها در شهر یزد انجام شد. افراد به طور تصادفی در دو گروه مداخله (50 زوج) و کنترل (50 زوج) قرار گرفتند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات شامل پرسشنامه مشخصات فردی زنان و مردان، پرسشنامه سنجش میزان آگاهی و عملکرد مردان نسبت به یائسگی و پرسشنامه حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده مقیاس خانواده پروسیدانو و هلر بود که قبل و 2 ماه پس از مداخله در دو گروه تکمیل شد. در گروه مداخله یک برنامه آموزشی در قالب 3 جلسه 60 دقیقه ای با استفاده از روش سخنرانی انجام شد، اما گروه کنترل آموزشی دریافت نکردند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 20) و آزمون های تی زوجی، تی مستقل، آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه، کای اسکوئر و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: در گروه مداخله میزان آگاهی و عملکرد مردان در مورد سلامت یائسگی و نمره حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده زنان 2 ماه پس از برنامه آموزشی افزایش یافت که این افزایش از نظر آماری معنی دار بود (001/0>p). اما در گروه کنترل اختلاف آماری معنی داری در این زمینه ها مشاهده نشد (129/0=p، 394/0=p، 841/0=p).
نتیجه گیری: آموزش سلامت یائسگی به همسران، می تواند باعث افزایش حمایت اجتماعی درک شده زنان در گذر از یائسگی شود. پیشنهاد می شود برنامه های آموزشی مدون در زمینه یائسگی و حمایت از زنان یائسه برای همسران آنها طرح ریزی و اجرا شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of training the menopausal health to the husbands on perceived social support among women during transitional period to menopause

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Morovati Sharif Abad 1
  • Nooshin Yoshany 2
  • Narjes Bahri 3
  • Ali Delshad Noghabi 4
  • Masoud Mirzaei 5
1 Associate Professor, Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Geriatric Research Center, School of Health, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
2 M.Sc. student of Health Education, Student Research Committee, School of Health, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
3 PhD Student of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
4 Instructor, Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
5 Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and statistics, Prevention Research Center and epidemiology of non-communicable diseases, School of Health, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Menopause is a phenomenon which all women will experience it. Social support has a protective role for mental health and enable the person to cope with problems and has significant impact in reducing stress and depression. Since husband is the most important person who can provide this social support, this study was performed with the aim to evaluate the effect of training about program menopausal health to husband of women aged 40-50 years on perceived social support among women.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was performed on 100 women aged 45-55 years and their husbands in Yazd at 2014. Participants were randomly allocated in two groups of  intervention (50 couples) and control (50 couples). Data collection tools were the demographic questionnaire for women and men, the questionnaire assessing men's knowledge and performance about menopause, and Perceived Social Support – Family Scale (PSSFa) Procidano and  Heller questionnaire  which were completed before and two months after the intervention in both groups. In intervention group, an educational program was performed in three sessions of 60 minutes by lecture method, but the control group was received no education. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 20), and paired t, Independent t, one-way ANOVA, Chi-square, Fisher exact, and Pearson correlation tests. PResult: In intervention group, the knowledge and performance of men and the mean score of women’s perceived social support about menopausal health was increased two months after educational program and this increase was statistically significant (P<0.0001), but in control group, no significant difference was observed in these regard (P=0.129, P=0.394, P=0.841).
Conclusion: Training of menopausal health to the husbands can increase perceived social support in women during transitional period to menopause. It is recommended to design and implement the written educational program for husbands about menopause and support of menopausal women during transitional period to menopause.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Educational program
  • Menopause
  • Perceived social support
  • Transitional period to menopause

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 17، شماره 134 - شماره پیاپی 134
هفته چهارم بهمن ماه 1393
بهمن 1393
صفحه 8-16

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