مقایسه تأثیر فعالیت بدنی مفرح و معمولی بر تغییرات میزان افسردگی و اختلالات شناختی زنان سالمند مقیم خانه های سالمندان شهر مشهد

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه سالمند شناسی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آموزش پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 متخصص طب فیزیکی وتوانبخشی، عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: در دوره سالمندی ابتلاء به اختلالات شناختی، افسردگی و کاهش کارکرد های فیزیکی افزایش پیدا می کند. فعالیت های فیزیکی مفرح باعث بالا بردن امید به زندگی، بهبود وضعیت خلقی و اختلالات شناختی در سالمندان می شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر فعالیت بدنی مفرح و معمولی بر میزان بروز افسردگی و اختلالات شناختی زنان سالمند مقیم خانه های سالمندان شهر مشهد انجام ‌شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی در سال93-1392 بر روی 63 سالمند ساکن خانه های سالمندان انجام شد. افراد به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و مداخله قرار گرفتند. گروه مداخله به مدت 2 ماه، هفته ای 3 مرتبه به مدت 20 دقیقه تمرینات فیزیکی مفرح و گروه کنترل، تمرینات ورزشی معمول خانه سالمندان را انجام دادند. ابزارهای مورد استفاده جهت بررسی افسردگی و وضعیت شناختی در سالمندان به ترتیب ابزار مقیاس 15 آیتمی افسردگی سالمندان و فرم معاینه مختصر وضعیت شناختی بررسی بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 5/11) و آزمون های کولموگروف- اسمیرنوف، شپیروویلک، تی مستقل و تی زوجی انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: میانگین نمره افسردگی در مرحله بعد از مداخله در گروه مداخله (1/2±17/5) به طور معنی داری کمتر از گروه کنترل (2/2±16/6) بود (001/0=p). بین نمره وضعیت شناختی سالمندان در دو گروه قبل و بعد از انجام مداخله تفاوت معنی داری وجود نداشت (271/0=p، 552/0=p).
نتیجه گیری: فعالیت بدنی مفرح باعث بهبود بیشتر در میزان افسردگی زنان سالمند در مقایسه با فعالیت بدنی معمولی می شود. اما با وجود بهبود اختلال شناختی در هر دو گروه ورزش مفرح و معمولی، میزان بهبود در دو گروه تفاوت معنی داری ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the effect of fun and regular physical activity on the changes in the incidence of depression and cognitive disorders of elderly women living in nursing homes at Mashhad

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi koushyar 1
  • Zohreh Najafi 2
  • Amin Azhari 3
  • reza mazloum 4
1 Assistant professor, Department of Gerontology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 M.Sc. student of Nursing Education, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad Iran.
3 Specialist in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty Member of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Assistant professor, Department of Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: cognitive disorders, depression and reduced physical function are increased in the elderly. Fun physical activity increases the hope to life, improved mood and cognitive disorders in the elderly. This study was performed with the aim to determine the effect of fun and regular physical activity on the changes in the incidence of depression and cognitive disorders of elderly women living in nursing homes at Mashhad.
Methods: This clinical randomized trial which was performed on 63 elderly women living in Mashhad nursing homes in 2013-2014. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups of experimental  and control. The experimental group performed fun physical activity for two months, 3 times a week for 20 minute and the control group performed regular exercise activity of nursing home. The tools used to assess depression and cognitive status in elderly were 15 Item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the form of Mini Mental Status Examination  (MMSE). Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 11.5), and Kolmogronov-Smironov, شپیروویلک, independent t, and paired t tests. PResults: The mean score of depression after the intervention was significantly lower in the experimental group (5.17±2.1) than control group (6.16±2.2) (P=0.001). There was no significant differences between two groups in terms of the score of cognitive status before and after the intervention (P =0.271, P=0.552).
Conclusion: Fun physical activity can improve depression in elderly women compared with regular physical activity. But despite the improvement of cognitive disorders in both fun and regular exercise, the rate of improvement was not significantly different in two groups.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive disorders
  • Clinical randomized trial
  • Depression
  • Elderly Women
  • Fun and regular exercise
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