تاثیر ورزش بر کمردرد دوران بارداری

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه طب فیریکی و توانبخشی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد،‌ مشهد، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد بهداشت مادر و کودک، مرکز بهداشت شماره 3، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه زنان و مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات ایمنی بیمار، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: کمردرد، یکی از شایع ترین اختلالات اسکلتی - عضلانی است که اکثر زنان آن را برای اولین بار در دوران بارداری تجربه می کنند. کمردرد در دوران بارداری می تواند باعث ناتوانی، کاهش کیفیت زندگی و یا از کارافتادگی زنان باردار شود. تمرینات ورزشی، یکی از گزینه های درمان و پیشگیری از کمردرد طی دوران بارداری است که به نظر می رسد محدودیت ها و عوارض سایر روش های درمانی را نداشته باشد. مطالعه مروری حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرینات ورزشی در بهبود کمردرد دوران بارداری انجام شد.
روش کار: پایگاه های اطلاعاتی scopus، Cochran، Ovid، Proquest، Science direct، Pubmed و ISI و مجموعه های Springer،  Sageو موتور جستجوگر Google، با ترکیبات مختلفی از کلمات کلیدی مرتبط با موضوع مطالعه مورد جستجو قرار گرفت. به منظور یافتن مطالعات انجام شده در ایران نیز بانک های اطلاعاتی Irandoc، magiran، Iran medex و SID با کلید واژه های "کمردرد"، " کمردرد بارداری"،‌ "حاملگی" و "ورزش" مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. این جستجو در محدوده زمانی سال 2001 تا 2014 میلادی انجام شد. علاوه بر آن جستجوی دستی از کتب و جستجو در منابع استفاده شده در مقالات نیز انجام شد.
یافته ها: نتایج جستجوی متون و منابع اطلاعاتی نشان داد که مطالعات انجام شده در این زمینه بسیار پراکنده بوده و به دلیل طراحی بسیار متفاوت این مطالعات، نمی توان یک جمع بندی قطعی از تأثیر یک برنامه ورزشی مشخص بر بهبود کمردرد دوران بارداری ارائه داد. اما به طور کلی نتایج اکثر مطالعات، نشان دهنده اثرات مثبت ورزش بر کاهش میزان کمردرد طی دوران بارداری بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: ورزش به طور کلی اثرات مثبتی بر بهبود کمردرد طی دوران بارداری دارد. لذا استفاده از برنامه ورزشی منظم و استاندارد در زنان باردار سالم که ممنوعیت خاصی برای انجام تمرینات ورزشی ندارند، ‌به منظور پیشگیری و درمان کمردرد طی دوران بارداری پیشنهاد می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effects of exercise on back pain during pregnancy: A review article

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hosein Hasanabadi 1
  • Nasrin Bahri 2
  • Fatemeh Tara 3
  • Narjes Bahri 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2 M.Sc. of Mother and Child Health, Health center number 3, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, patient's safety research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4 PhD student of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders that majority of women experience first episode of back pain during pregnancy. Back pain during pregnancy can reduce quality of life and cause disability in pregnant women. Exercise is one of options for back pain prevention and treatment during pregnancy that seems it does not have side effects and limitations of other treatment options. The aim of this review article was the evaluation of the effects of exercise on back pain during pregnancy.   
Methods: the databases as ISI, Pubmed, Proquest, Ovid, Scopus, Cochran, Science direct, and sets of Springer, Sage , and search motor of Google with different combination of keywords related to the topic of the study were searched. Iran medex, magiran SID, and Irandoc were also used to find the related articles performed in Iran.  Some keywords was used for searching  including "pregnancy back pain", " back pain", "pregnancy",  and " exercise ". This search was carried out in the period of 2001-2014. In addition, a manual search of the literature and the resources used in the literature was performed.
Result: The results of literature searching showed that the performed studies about this field are very scattered and due to different designs of these studies, we cannot provide a definitively sum about the effect of certain exercise program on improvement of back pain during pregnancy. However, generally, the majority of studies show positive effect of exercise on reducing back pain during pregnancy.
Conclusion: Exercise has positive effect on treatment of back pain during pregnancy. Therefore, we suggest that healthy pregnant women who don’t have contraindication for physical exercise to use a standard exercise program during pregnancy for prevention and treatment of pregnancy related back pain.  

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Back pain
  • Exercise training
  • pregnancy

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 17، شماره 127 - شماره پیاپی 127
هفته اول دی ماه 1393
دی 1393
صفحه 16-28

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