اثربخشی انجام تمرینات هوازی در اوقات فراغت بر فرسودگی شغلی ماماها: یک کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی شده

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 مربی گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت مبتنی برشواهد، دانشکده پرستاری ومامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 مربی گروه آموزشی پرستاری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: فرسودگی شغلی با تأثیرات منفی جدی بر سلامتی همراه است. ماماها به دلیل داشتن کار استرس زا، به احتمال بیشتری فرسودگی شغلی را تجربه می کنند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین اثربخشی انجام تمرینات هوازی در اوقات فراغت بر فرسودگی شغلی ماماها انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی در سال 1392 بر روی 60 مامای شاغل در مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهر مشهد انجام شد. افراد به روش تخصیص تصادفی به دو گروه مداخله و کنترل تقسیم شدند. قبل و بعد از تمرینات هوازی، پرسشنامه فرسودگی شغلی ماسلاچ تکمیل شد. افراد گروه مداخله، در تمرینات هوازی به صورت گروهی و در باشگاه ورزشی با شدت 30 تا 60 درصد حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی به مدت 45 دقیقه، 3 جلسه در هفته به مدت 8 هفته شرکت کردند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 19) و آزمون های تی مستقل، تی زوجی، من ویتنی، ویلکاسیون و کای اسکوئر انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: میانگین مربوط به خستگی عاطفی (8/9±3/14 در ابتدای مطالعه و 1/8±4/7 در انتهای مطالعه) و مسخ شخصیت (3/2±4/5 در ابتدای مطالعه و 5/1±0/2 در انتهای مطالعه) بعد از 8 هفته آموزش تمرینات هوازی کاهش یافت (050/0>p). همچنین میانگین مربوط به کفایت شخصیت (0/9±0/35 در ابتدای مطالعه و 2/7±3/41 در انتهای مطالعه) افزایش یافت (050/0>p).
نتیجه گیری: انجام تمرینات ورزشی، فرسودگی شغلی را در ماماها کاهش می دهد. بنابراین اقدامات پیشگیرانه از طریق اجرای برنامه های ورزشی باید انجام شود.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effectiveness of aerobic training in leisure time on burnout of midwives: A Randomized Clinical Trial

نویسندگان [English]

  • Minoo safaei 1
  • Zahra Abedian 2
  • Seyed Reza Attarzadeh Hoseini 3
  • Seyed Reza Mazloum 4
1 M.Sc. of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Lecture of Midwifery, Evidence-Based Care Research Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education And Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Lecture of Nursing Training, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University Of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Burnout is associated with serious negative health consequences. Midwifes due to stressful work are more likely to experience burnout. This study was performed with the aim to determine the effect of aerobic exercise training in leisure time on burnout of midwives.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 60 midwives working in Health Centers of Mashhad in 2013. The subjects were randomly divided in to two groups of cases and control. Maslach Burnout questionnaire was completed before and after aerobic training. The subjects in intervention group participated in exercise training as group in exercise club for 45 minutes, three times a week, for 8 weeks with intensity of 30 to 60 percent of maximum oxygen consumption. Data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 19) and using Independent t-student, Paired t-test, Mann-Whitney and Chi square test. PResults: Mean of emotional exhaustion (14.3±9.8 at the baseline and 7.4±8.1 at the end of the study) and depersonalization (5.4±2.3 at the baseline and 2.0±1.5 at the end of the study) were reduced after 8-weeks of aerobic exercise (P<0.05). Also, mean of personal accomplishment (35.0±9.0 at the baseline and 41.3±7.2 at the end of the study) was increased (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Performance of exercise program reduces burnout in midwives. Therefore, preventive measures through performance of exercise programs should be done.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • aerobic exercise
  • Burnout
  • Midwife

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 17، شماره 122 - شماره پیاپی 122
هفته چهارم آبان ماه 1393
آبان 1393
صفحه 16-22

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