بررسی تأثیر حمایت تلفنی بر شدت تهوع و استفراغ نیمه اول بارداری در زنان نخست باردار

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت مبتنی برشواهد، دانشکده پرستاری ومامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد،مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پرستاری ومامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد،مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه بهداشت باروری، مرکزتحقیقات مراقبت مبتنی برشواهد، دانشکده پرستاری ومامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استاد گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: تهوع و استفراغ در 85-70 درصد از بارداری ها رخ می دهد و با حمایت روانی و تغییراتی در رژیم غذایی و شیوه زندگی قابل کاهش است. با پیشرفت تکنولوژی، تلفن در دسترس ترین گزینه برای اکثر افراد می باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر حمایت تلفنی بر شدت تهوع و استفراغ نیمه اول بارداری در زنان نخست باردار انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی در سال 1392 بر روی 60 زن باردار مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی - درمانی منتخب شهر مشهد انجام شد. در گروه مداخله حمایت تلفنی هفته ای 2 بار به مدت 4 هفته و هر بار 20-15 دقیقه توسط پژوهشگر انجام گرفت. در گروه کنترل مراقبت معمول انجام می شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها در این مطالعه شامل پرسشنامه مشخصات فردی، چک لیست ثبت مکالمات تلفنی، چک لیست آموزش به مددجوی مبتلا به تهوع و استفراغ بارداری و پرسشنامه تعدیل شده ویژه تهوع و استفراغ کمی در بارداری بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون های کای دو، تی مستقل، ویلکاکسون و من ویتنی انجام شد. میزان معناداری 05/0>p درنظر گرفته شده است.
یافته ها: میانگین نمره تهوع و استفراغ در گروه مداخله و کنترل بعد از مداخله اختلاف آماری معنی داری داشت (028/0=p). میانگین نمره تهوع و استفراغ در گروه مداخله قبل و بعد از مداخله اختلاف آماری معنی داری داشت (001/0>p).
نتیجه گیری: حمایت تلفنی، شدت تهوع و استفراغ بارداری را کاهش می دهد. لذا به عنوان روشی مؤثر و در دسترس توصیه می شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of telephone support on the severity of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy in the primiparous women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Abedian 1
  • Narjes Abbaszadeh 2
  • Robab Latifnejad Roudsari 3
  • Mohammad Taghi Shakeri 4
1 Lecturer of Midwifery, Evidence-Based Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 M.Sc. student of Midwifery, Student Researches Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of fertility health, Evidence-Based Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of biology statistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting occur in 70-85% of pregnancies which can be reduced by psychological support and some changes in the diet and lifestyle. With advances in technology, telephone is the most accessible option for the majority of people. This study was performed with the aim to determine the effect of telephone support on the severity of nausea and vomiting in the first trimester of pregnancy in the primiparous women.
Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 60 pregnant women referred to the selected Health Care Centers in Mashhad in 2013. In the experimental group, telephone support was performed by the researcher for 15-20 minutes twice a week for four weeks. Control group only received routine care. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire, checklist to record phone calls, checklist to train the subjects with nausea and vomiting, and Modified Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16), and Chi-square, Independent t, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. PResults: Mean score of nausea and vomiting was significantly different in experimental and control groups after intervention (P=0.028). The mean score of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy in the experimental group were significantly different before and after intervention (p<0.001). However, no such significant difference was seen in the control group (P=0.272).
Conclusions: Telephone support reduces the severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. So it is recommended as an accessible and effective approach.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • nausea and vomiting
  • pregnancy
  • Support
  • Telephone
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