رابطه ابعاد مختلف فرسودگی شغلی و برخی عوامل فردی و شغلی در ماماهای شاغل

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 مربی گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت های پرستاری و مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 استاد گروه اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: فرسودگی شغلی اثرات متعددی در زندگی اجتماعی، فیزیکی و روانشناختی فرد به جای می‌گذارد. حرفه مامایی، ماهیت پرتنشی دارد، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی ابعاد فرسودگی شغلی و ارتباط آنها با برخی عوامل فردی- شغلی در ماماها انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه مقطعی در سال 1391 بر روی 300 مامای شاغل در بیمارستان ها و مراکز بهداشتی درمانی وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته شامل عوامل فردی-شغلی و پرسشنامه استاندارد ماسلاچ بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری  SPSS(نسخه 16) و آزمون‌های تی مستقل، آنالیز واریانس، توکی و رگرسیون چندگانه انجام شد. میزان p کمتر یا مساوی 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه، سن (003/0=p) و تعداد فرزند (013/0=p) با بُعد مسخ شخصیت؛ سطح تحصیلات (05/0=p)، شیفت کاری (003/0=p) و میزان اضافه کاری (003/0=p) با بُعد خستگی عاطفی؛ وضعیت مسکن (004/0=p) با بُعد عدم موفقیت فردی؛ محل کار با هر سه بُعد خستگی عاطفی (00/0=p)، مسخ شخصیت (05/0=p) و عدم موفقیت فردی (04/0=p) و علاقه‌مندی به شغل نیز با هر سه بُعد خستگی عاطفی (00/0=p)، مسخ شخصیت (004/0=p) و عدم موفقیت فردی (002/0=p) ارتباط معناداری داشتند. بر اساس آنالیز رگرسیون، سن، وضعیت مسکن، محل کار، شیفت کاری و علاقه مندی به شغل، همبستگی مثبت و معنی داری با ابعاد فرسودگی شغلی داشتند (05/0≥p).
نتیجه گیری: سطح عدم موفقیت فردی ماماها بالاست و بین عواملی نظیر سن، سطح تحصیلات، تعداد فرزند، وضعیت مسکن، محل کار، شیفت کاری، میزان اضافه کاری و علاقه مندی به شغل با فرسودگی شغلی و ابعاد آن، ارتباط معنی داری وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between the Different Dimensions of Burnout and Personal and Professional Factors in Midwives

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Behboodi Moghadam 1
  • Nahid Maleki 2
  • Fateme Rahimi Kian 3
  • Mostafa Hosseini 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc. of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Lecturer of Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Burnout is a breakdown that affects on persons' biopsychosociallife. Midwifery has stressful nature therefore the purpose of this study was evaluation of burnout dimensions and their relation with professional and personal factors in midwives.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012 on 300 midwives working in educational hospitals and health centers affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using a researcher made questionnaire including professional and personal factors and the Maslach burnout inventory questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16, independent t-tests, ANOVA, Tukey, and multivariate regression.P value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant.
Results:Significant relationships were found in age and number of children with depersonalization (p=0.003 and p=0.013, respectively); education, shift work and overtime rate with emotional exhaustion (p=0.05, (p=0.003 and p=0.003, respectively); housing status with individual failure (p=0.004); workplace with three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion (p=0.00), depersonalization (p=0.05) and individual failure (p=0.04)) and also interest in job with three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion (p=0.00), depersonalization (p=0.004) and individual failure (p=0.002)). In regression analysis, age, housing status, workplace, shift work and interest in job showed significant positive correlation with dimensions of burnout (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: Level of decreased personal accomplishment in midwives is high and professional and personal factors such as age, education level, number of children, housing status, workplace, shift work, overtime rate and interest in job have significant relationship with burnout and its dimensions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Burnout/Professional
  • Midwifery
  • Professional and Personal Factors

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 17، شماره 103 - شماره پیاپی 103
هفته اول تیر ماه 1393
تیر 1393
صفحه 1-13

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