تأثیر آلودگی هوا بر نتایج بارداری: یک مطالعه مروری

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکترای پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات پیشگیری از آسیب های روانی- اجتماعی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین خوزستان، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: نقایص مادرزادی، تولد زودرس، وزن کم هنگام تولد و تأخیر رشد داخل رحمی، از دلایل عمده مرگ و میر نوزادی و ناتوانی در سایر دوران زندگی هستند. از آنجایی که بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر سلامت دوران بارداری از موضوعات مهم علم مامایی است، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر آلودگی هوا بر نتایج بارداری انجام شد.
روش کار: در این مطالعه مروری سیستماتیک، از کلمات کلیدی فارسی گرد و غبار، آلودگی هوا، سلامت انسان و نتایج بارداری و معادل آنها در انگلیسی استفاده و مقالات منتشر شده از سال 1990 تا 2013 موجود در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی Pubmed، Google Scholar، Springer،Magiran ، Science Direct و  Iran Medexجستجو شدند.
یافته ها: آلودگی هوا باعث مرگ های نوزادی ناشی از مشکلات تنفسی می شود. ارتباط بین وزن کم هنگام تولد، تأخیر رشد داخل رحمی و آلودگی هوا تأیید شده است. سطوح بالای آلودگی هوا، باعث نقایص DNA در نوزادان می شود. همچنین خطر مرگ و میر، بیماری های دوران کودکی، فشارخون، بیماری عروق کرونر و دیابت غیر وابسته به انسولین در افرادی که در دوران جنینی با سطوح بالای آلودگی هوا مواجه شده اند، افزایش می یابد.
نتیجه گیری: مواجهه با هوای آلوده در دوران بارداری باعث افزایش نتایج نامطلوب بارداری شده و بر رشد و سلامت سایر دوران زندگی تأثیر می گذارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of air pollution on pregnancy outcomes: A Systematic Review

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Delpisheh 1
  • Ashraf Direkvand Moghadam 2
  • Fatemeh Direkvand Moghadam 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
2 Student of Ph.D. by Research, Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
3 M.Sc. Student of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Khuzestan Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Khuzestan, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Birth defects, premature birth, low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation are major causes of neonatal death and disability in the other time of life. Because the evaluation of factors influencing pregnancy is an obstetric important issue, therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of air pollution on pregnancy outcomes.
Methods: A systematic review was carried out to identify published literature from 1990 to 2013 using keywords air pollution, dust storm, human health and pregnancy outcomes in Pubmed, Google Scholars, Springer, Magiran, Science Direct and Iran Medex databases.
Results: The evidence was sufficient to infer a causal relationship between particulate air pollution and respiratory deaths in the post neonatal period. Also, air pollution was associated with low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation. There was a relationship between high level of air pollution and DNA damage in newborns. Also high level of air pollution can increase mortality and morbidity in childhood and an elevated risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes in adulthood.
Conclusion: Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy may increase adverse pregnancy outcomes and impact on the growth and health of the other stages of life.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Air pollution
  • Birth weight
  • Fetal Growth Retardation
  • Pregnancy outcome

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 17، شماره 102 - شماره پیاپی 102
هفته چهارم خرداد ماه 1393
خرداد 1393
صفحه 7-11

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