دختران نوجوان ایرانی و اطلاعات و خدمات بهداشت باروری و جنسی؛ مطالعه کیفی

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه روانپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات روانپزشکی گلستان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: نوجوانی، سن چالش ها و فرصت ها است. امروزه عبور به بزرگسالی بدون آگاهی کافی در مورد اطلاعات و خدمات بهداشت باروری و جنسی بسیار دشوار می باشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف کشف نقطه نظرات و تجربیات دختران نوجوان و بزرگسالان کلیدی در رابطه با ضرورت فراهم کردن خدمات بهداشت باروری و جنسی برای دختران نوجوان ایرانی انجام شد.
روش‌کار: مطالعه حاضر یک مطالعه کیفی است که در دوره زمانی بهمن1390 تا آذر 1391 انجام شد. داده ها از طریق انجام بحث های گروهی متمرکز و مصاحبه های نیمه ساختارمند با 247 دختر نوجوان و 71 بزرگسال کلیدی در جامعه شامل مادران، مشاوران مدرسه، ارائه کنندگان خدمات بهداشتی، مدیران دولتی و غیر دولتی برنامه های بهداشتی، سیاست گذاران اصلی نظام سلامت، جامعه شناسان و روحانیون در شهرهای شاهرود، مشهد، تهران و قم جمع آوری شد. تمام مصاحبه ها ضبط و پیاده شد و با استفاده از نرم افزار MAXQDA10 کدگذاری و طبقه بندی شدند.
یافته‌ها: دلایل اصلی ضرورت ارائه اطلاعات و خدمات بهداشت باروری و جنسی به دختران نوجوان ایرانی در 6 طبقه جای گرفت: فقدان دانش کافی در ارتباط با موضوعات بهداشت باروری، دسترسی آسان به منابع اطلاعاتی نامعتبر، تغییرات فرهنگی- اجتماعی جامعه، افزایش وقوع رفتارهای پرخطر در بین نوجوانان، تأکید مذهب بر تربیت جنسی کودکان و نوجوانان و وجود تابوهای فرهنگی در جامعه.
نتیجه‌گیری: بیشتر شرکت کنندگان بر ضرورت ارائه خدمات بهداشت باروری و جنسی برای دختران نوجوان تاکید داشتند. فراهم سازی این خدمات نه تنها به دلیل نگرانی های پزشکی بلکه از دیدگاه مذهبی، اجتماعی و تکاملی باید یک اولویت در نظر گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Iranian Adolescent Girls and Sexual and Reproductive Health Information and Services: A Qualitative Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khadijeh Mirzaii Nagmabadi 1
  • Raheleh Babazadeh 2
  • Mohammad Shariati 3
  • Seyed Abbas Mousavi 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Ph.D. Student of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Golestan Psychiatry Research Center, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Adolescence is the age of challenges and opportunities. Nowadays, the transition to adulthood, without adequate awareness about sexual and reproductive health information and services is much more difficult than before. The aim of this study was exploring the views and experiences of adolescent girls and key adults regarding to the necessity of providing sexual and reproductive health information and services for adolescent girls in Iran.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted during February to November 2012. Data were gathered through focus groups and semi-structured interview with 247 adolescent girls and 71 key adults include mothers, school counselors, health providers, state and non-governmental directors of health programs, health policymakers, sociologists and clergies in Shahroud, Mashhad, Tehran, and Qom cities of Iran. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were coded and categorized in content-analysis by MAXQDA10.
Results: The main reasons for the necessity of providing sexual and reproductive health services for adolescent girls were categorized in six categories: lack of adequate knowledge about sexual and reproductive health, easy access to inaccurate information sources, cultural and social changes, increasing risky sexual behaviors among adolescents, religion's emphasis on sex training of children and adolescents and existence of cultural taboos.
Conclusion: Most of participants confirmed the necessity of providing sexual and reproductive health services for adolescent girls. Provision of these services should be a priority not only for medical concerns but also for religious, social and developmental perspectives.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adolescent
  • Information
  • Qualitative research
  • Reproductive health

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 17، شماره 92 - شماره پیاپی 92
هفته دوم فروردین ماه 1393
فروردین 1393
صفحه 9-18

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