تبیین نیازهای برآورده نشده زنان باردار بیشتر از 35 سال: با نگاهی به قانون جوانی جمعیت

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویان، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار آمار زیستی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران.

5 استاد گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

10.22038/ijogi.2025.83986.6257

چکیده

مقدمه: با توجه به تصویب قانون جوانی جمعیت در ایران از سال 1400، رویکرد فرزندآوری در زنان بیشتر از 35 سال از طرف وزارت بهداشت مورد تأیید و تشویق قرار گرفت، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف تبیین نیازهای برآورده نشده زنان باردار بیشتر از 35 سال با نگاهی به قانون جوانی جمعیت در این مادران انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه کیفی در سال 1403 در بیمارستان‌­های شهدای تجریش، اکبرآبادی، آرش و رسول اکرم به‌مدت 3 ماه انجام شد. داده‌­های مربوط به نیازهای برآورده نشده زنان باردار بیشتر از 35 سال از مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با 25 زن باردار بیشتر از 35 سال جمع‌آوری شد. به منظور بررسی صحّت و استحکام داده‌­ها، از معیارهای گابا و لینکلن استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌­ها با استفاده از تحلیل کیفی قراردادی و با استفاده از نرم‌افزار MAXQDA -10 انجام شد.
یافته­ ها: تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌­ها منجر به استخراج 126 کد اولیه، 26 زیرطبقه، 8 طبقه و در نهایت 3 درون‌مایه شامل: نیازهای برآورده نشده سلامت مادران، پذیرش اجتماعی و تشویش‌­های بارداری شد. افراد در این دوران، دغدغه‌­های مختلفی داشتند که در این میان شایع‌ترین نیازهای زنان باردار بیشتر از 35 سال شامل: نیازهای جسمی، جنسی، روانی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی بود.
نتیجه ­گیری: با توجه به نتایج مطالعه و مشکلات زنان باردار در زمینه نیازهای زنان باردار بیشتر از 35 سال و تناسب آن با سیاست‌های تشویقی، به‌نظر می‌رسد سیاست‌گذار باید در راستای برطرف کردن نیازهای سلامت جسمی، تسهیلات مراقبتی و بهبود حمایت‌های اجتماعی در محل کار و مشاوره‌های مختص زنان باردار و آموزش های لازم به همسران در سیاست‌های قوانین جوانی جمعیت، بازبینی‌های لازم را انجام دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The unmet needs of pregnant women over 35 years: Looking at the youth population law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marjan Havaei 1
  • Malihe Nasiri 2
  • Shahnaz Torkzahrani 3
  • Nooshin Eshraghi 4
  • Zohreh Keshvarz 5
1 PhD Student of Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Students Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
5 Professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Considering to the approval of the Youth Population Law in Iran since 2021, the approach of having children in women over 35 years of age was approved and encouraged by the Ministry of Health. Therefore, the present study was conducted with aim to explain the unmet needs of pregnant women over 35 years by looking at the youth population law in these mothers.
Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in Shohada Tajrish, Akbarabadi, Arash and Rasoul Akram hospitals in 2024 for 3 months. Data related to the unmet needs of pregnant women over 35 years were collected through semi-structured interviews with 25 pregnant women over 35 years. In order to check the accuracy and robustness of the data, GABA and Lincoln criteria were used. Data were analyzed using a conventional qualitative analysis and MAXQDA-10 software.
Results: Data analysis resulted in the extraction of 126 primary codes, 26 subcategories, 8 categories, and finally 3 themes including maternal health unmet needs, social acceptance, and pregnancy anxieties. Women had various concerns during this period that the most common needs of pregnant women over 35 years included physical, sexual, psychological, economic, social, and cultural needs.
Conclusion: Considering the results of the study and the problems of pregnant women regarding the needs of pregnant women over 35 years and their suitability with incentive policies, it seems that policymakers should perform the necessary revisions in the policies of youth population laws in order to meet the needs of physical health, care facilities, and improving social support in the workplace, as well as counseling specifically for pregnant women and necessary training for spouses. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Maternal age
  • Maternal health
  • Pregnancy complications

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 28، شماره 3
خرداد 1404
صفحه 10-25

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