شیوع افکار خودکشی و عوامل مؤثر بر آن در زنان باردار سال 1401

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مشاوره در مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات بهداشت باروری و مشاوره در مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی بویه، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان، گرگان، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم آماری، دپارتمان علوم آماری، دانشگاه ساپینزای رم، ایتالیا.

3 دکتری مشاوره، مرکز تحقیقات مدیریت سلامت و توسعه اجتماعی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان، گرگان، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه مامایی، دکتری مدیریت آموزش عالی، مرکز تحقیقات بهداشت باروری و مشاوره در مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گلستان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: افکار خودکشی، یک عامل پیش‌بینی کننده مهم برای اقدام به خودکشی است. اقدام به خودکشی یکی از علل مرگ‌و‌میر مادران باردار است و شناسایی عوامل خطر آن می‌تواند بر سیاست‌گذاری در راستای کاهش این مشکل مؤثر باشد، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی شیوع افکار خودکشی و عوامل مؤثر بر آن در زنان باردار انجام شد.
روش‌کار: مطالعه مقطعی با رویکرد توصیفی- تحلیلی به‌صورت سرشماری در سال 1401 بر روی 515 زن باردار تحت پوشش 10 مرکز خدمات جامع سلامت شهری شهرستان علی‌آباد کتول انجام گرفت. مقیاس فارسی اندیشه‌پردازی خودکشی بک، پرسشنامه فارسی سلامت عمومی گلدبرگ و فرم غربالگری خشونت خانگی HITS، ابزارهای مطالعه بودند و با استفاده از آنها، شیوع افکار خودکشی و ارتباط آن با سلامت روان، سلامت جسمی، خشونت خانگی، اختلال خواب و اضطراب و افسردگی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 23) و آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن، کای اسکوئر، دقیق فیشر و رگرسیون لجستیک چندگانه انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته­ ها: در این مطالعه شیوع افکار خودکشی 9/7% بود. سطح افکار خودکشی زنان باردار کم بود. سلامت روان زنان باردار در دسته علائم مرضی قرار داشت. سن کمتر از 25 سال، ناخواسته بودن بارداری، بارداری بیش از 4 بار، زایمان بیش از 4 بار، داشتن 4 فرزند و بیشتر و رفتارهای پرخطر همسر، ارتباط آماری معناداری با افکار خودکشی نشان دادند (05/0=p).
نتیجه ­گیری: با توجه به پایین بودن سلامت روان زنان باردار، برنامه‌ریزی‌هایی جهت انجام مداخلات لازم و غربالگری­ های مداوم زنان باردار جهت ارتقاء و تأمین سلامت روانی زنان باردار به‌خصوص زنان دچار خشونت خانگی ضرورت پیدا می‌کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prevalence of suicidal thoughts and factors affecting it in pregnant women, 2022

نویسندگان [English]

  • Malihe Darvishi 1
  • Mahin Tatari 2
  • Rahman Bardi Ozouni-Davaji 3
  • Fatemeh Seifi 4
1 M.Sc of Midwifery Counselling, Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
2 Ph.D. student in Statistical Sciences, Department of Statistical Sciences Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
3 Ph.D of Counseling, Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, Ph.D of Higher Education Management, Counseling and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Suicidal thought is an important predictive factor for committing suicide. One of the causes of the death of pregnant women is attempting suicide, so identifying its risk factors can be effective on policies aimed at reducing this problem. Therefore, the present study was conducted with aim to investigate the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and the factors influencing it in pregnant women.
Methods: A cross-sectional study with a descriptive-analytical approach was conducted through a census in 2022 on 515 pregnant women under the care of 10 urban comprehensive health service centers in Aliabad Katoul city. The Persian version of Beck's Suicide Ideation Scale, the Persian version of the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire, and the HITS domestic violence screening form were the study tools. Using these instruments, the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and its relationship with mental health, physical health, domestic violence, sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression was examined. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 23) and included Spearman correlation, Chi-square tests, Fisher's exact test, and multiple logistic regressions. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 7.9%. The level of suicidal ideation of pregnant women was low. Mental health of pregnant women was in the category of morbid symptoms. Age less than 25 years old, unwanted pregnancy, pregnancy more than 4 times, childbirth more than 4 times, having 4 or more children and high risk behavior of the spouse showed a statistically significant relationship with suicidal ideation (p=0.05).
Conclusion: Considering the low mental health of pregnant women, there is a need for planning to carry out necessary interventions and continuous screenings of pregnant women in order to promote and ensure the mental health of pregnant women, especially women suffering from domestic violence.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pregnant women
  • Prevalence
  • Suicidal ideation

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 27، شماره 4
تیر 1403
صفحه 41-55

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