روشهای غیردارویی کنترل تهوع و استفراغ دوران بارداری در ایران: یک مطالعه مروری روایتی

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه بیهوشی، مرکز تحقیقات بیهوشی، مراقبت‌های ویژه و کنترل درد، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه بیهوشی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه بیهوشی، مرکز تحقیقات بیهوشی، مراقبت‌های ویژه و کنترل درد، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه بیهوشی، مرکز تحقیقات بیهوشی و کنترل درد، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

5 متخصص طب اورژانس، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

6 دانشجوی پزشکی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

7 مربی گروه بیهوشی، مرکز تحقیقات مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی نظام سلامت، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: تهوع و استفراغ، از شکایت­های شایع زنان در نیمۀ اول بارداری است. برای پیشگیری از تهوع و استفراغ، روش‌های دارویی و غیردارویی متعددی پیشنهاد شده است. از آنجایی که درمان­های دارویی با عوارض جانبی همراه هستند، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی روش­های غیردارویی کنترل تهوع و استفراغ دوران بارداری در ایران انجام شد.
روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مرور روایتی یا نقلی، تمام مقالات چاپ شده در مجلات فارسی زبان داخلی با استفاده از بانک­های اطلاعاتی SID، Magiran و موتور جستجوگر گوگل اسکالر و استفاده از کلیدواژه‌های فارسی: روش­های غیردارویی، تهوع، استفراغ و بارداری و ترکیبی از این کلیدواژه­ها در بازه زمانی 1380 تا سال 1400 مورد جستجو قرار گرفتند. در این مطالعه فقط مطالعات کارآزمایی بالینی و اصیل مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه از بین 679 مقالات جستجو شده، 28 مقاله مرتبط که تمامی اطلاعات مورد بررسی در چک‌لیست طراحی شده را داشتند، وارد مطالعه شدند. بر اساس نتایج مورد بررسی، روش­های غیردارویی متعددی از جمله استفاده از طب فشاری، آموزش تن‌آرامی بنسون، آرام‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی، راهنمای تغذیه‌ای اوتاوا، رفلکسولوژی شبکه خورشیدی کف پا، آروماتراپی با لیمو، مشاوره روانی با رویکرد زوج درمانی، مشاورۀ خانواده محور، حمایت تلفنی و استفاده از داروهای گیاهی نظیر زنجبیل، بابونه و هل، بر درمان تهوع و استفراغ بارداری مؤثر بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: مطالعه حاضر شواهد مناسبی در زمینه مؤثر بودن و بی‌ضرر بودن تمامی روش­های مورد استفاده در مطالعات را نشان داد. به‌نظر می­رسد تمامی روش­های غیردارویی تهوع و استفراغ مانند استفاده از طب فشاری را بتوان به‌عنوان روش­هایی بسیار آسان در درمان زنان باردار استفاده کرد؛ با این حال مطالعه حاضر قادر نبود ارجحیت روش‌های پیشنهاد شده را بررسی کند که مراقبان سلامت می­توانند با توجه به امکانات موجود و تمایلات بیمار از بین روش­هایی که توسط شواهد قبلی از مطالعات کارآزمایی بالینی پشتیبانی می­شوند، انتخاب کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Non-pharmacological methods of controlling nausea and vomiting during pregnancy in Iran: A narrative review study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hashem Jarineshin 1
  • Seyed Ebrahim Sadeghi 2
  • Mehrdad Malekshoar 3
  • Mohammad Sadegh Sanie Jahromi 4
  • Fatemeh Rahmanian 5
  • Naser Hatami 6
  • Navid Kalani 7
1 Associate professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology & Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
3 Assistant professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology & Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
4 Associate professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
5 Emergency medicine specialist, Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
6 Student of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
7 Instructor, Department of Anesthesiology, Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, School of Nursing, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Nausea and vomiting are common complaints of women in the first half of pregnancy. Several pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods have been suggested to prevent nausea and vomiting. Since pharmacological treatments are associated with side effects, this study was performed with aim to investigate non-pharmacological methods of controlling nausea and vomiting during pregnancy in Iran.
Methods: In this narrative or narrative review study, all the articles published in domestic Persian language journals were searched using the databases of SID, Magiran and Google Scholar search engines, and the use of Persian keywords of non-pharmacological methods, nausea, vomiting and pregnancy and a combination of these keywords between 2001 and 2021. In this study, only original and clinical trial studies were reviewed.
Results: Among the searched 679 articles, 28 related articles which had all the information in the designed checklist were included in the study. Based on the results, several non-pharmacological methods including use of acupressure, Benson relaxation training, progressive muscle relaxation, Ottawa Nutrition Guide, Solar Soil Reflexology, Lemon Aromatherapy, Psychological counseling with a couple therapy approach, Family-centered Counseling, Telephone Support, and herbal remedies such as ginger, chamomile and cardamom were effective in treating pregnancy nausea and vomiting.
Conclusion: The present study showed good evidence for the effectiveness and safety of all methods used in the studies. It seems that all non-pharmacological methods of nausea and vomiting such as acupressure can be used as very easy methods in the treatment of pregnant women; however, the present study was not able to evaluate the preference of the proposed methods that health care providers can choose from the methods supported by previous evidence from clinical trial studies according to the available facilities and patient preferences.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iran
  • Nausea
  • Non-pharmacological methods
  • Pregnancy
  • Vomiting

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 24، شماره 12
بهمن 1400
صفحه 110-123

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