بررسی شیوع بی‌اختیاری ادرار در زنان ایرانی: مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی بهداشت باروری، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 دکترای تخصصی بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران ایران.

3 استادیار گروه زنان و زایمان، فلوشیپ جراحی‌های ترمیمی و اصلاحی اختلالات کف لگن و بی‌اختیاری‌های ادراری، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

4 استاد گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: بی‌اختیاری ادرار، یکی از اولویت‌های حوزه سلامت معرفی شده است؛ چراکه بر کیفیت زندگی تأثیر بسزایی دارد. زنان با مشکل بی‌اختیاری معمولاً در سکوت زندگی می‌کنند. آگاهی از میزان دقیق شیوع کمک می‌کند تا مداخلات صحیح و در زمان مناسب انجام شود، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی شیوع بی‌اختیاری ادرار در زنان ایرانی انجام گرفت.
روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز جهت جستجوی مقالات، پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی PubMed،Scopus ، Magiran، SID، Cochran و موتور جستجوی Google Scholar با کلید واژه‌های فارسی: بی‌اختیاری ادرار، شیوع، فراوانی، زنان، بی‌اختیاری استرسی ادرار، بی‌اختیاری فوریتی، بی‌اختیاری ترکیبی، تنها و با یکدیگر و کلید واژه‌های انگلیسی urinary incontinence، prevalence، women، frequency، Iran، stress urinary incontinence، urge، Mixed incontinence و تمام ترکیبات احتمالی با کمک عملگرهای OR و  ANDمورد جستجو قرار گرفتند. برای محاسبه ناهمگنی مطالعات از آزمون کای دو و شاخص I2 و جهت بررسی سوگیری انتشار از آزمون‌های ایگر و بگ استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار Stata (نسخه­ 11) انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: در مجموع 10 مطالعه وارد متآنالیز شدند که 5008 شرکت کننده داشتند. برآورد شیوع کلی بی‌اختیاری ادرار 46% (فاصله اطمینان 95%: 62-30%)، استرسی 34% (فاصله اطمینان 95%: 42-27)، فوریتی 19% (فاصله اطمینان 95%: 26-12) و ترکیبی 24% (فاصله اطمینان 95%: 37-11) بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: شیوع کلی بی‌اختیاری ادرار در زنان ایرانی 46% است که نشان‌دهنده نیاز مبرم توجه به این مشکل است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prevalence of urinary incontinence in Iranian women: systematic review and meta-analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahimeh Rashidi 1
  • Sepideh Hajian 2
  • Soudabeh Darvish 3
  • Hamid Alavi Majd 4
1 PhD Student of Reproductive Health, Student Research Committee, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD in Reproductive Health, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant professor, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Fellowship of Corrective Surgery of Pelvic Floor Disorders and Urinary Incontinence, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is one of the priorities in the field of health because it has a significant impact on quality of life. Women with incontinence problem usually live in silence. Awareness of the precise prevalence rate will help to perform the proper interventions at the right time. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence in Iranian women.
Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the articles were searched in databases of Pubmed, Scopus, Magiran, SID, Cochran, and Google Scholar by the keywords of urinary incontinence, prevalence, frequency, women, stress urinary incontinence, urge urinary incontinence, Mixed incontinence, and all the possible combinations with OR, AND. Chi-square and I2 indices were used to calculate heterogeneity of studies. Egger and Begg tests were used to evaluate the release bias. Data were analyzed by Stata software (version 11).
Results: A total of 10 studies entered to the study which had 5008 participants. The estimation of the overall prevalence of urinary incontinence was 46% (confidence interval of 95%: 30-62), stress urinary incontinence was 34% (confidence interval of 95%: 27-42), urge urinary incontinence was 19% (confidence interval of 95%: 12-26), and mixed urinary incontinence was 24% (confidence interval of 95%: 11-37).
Conclusion: The overall incidence of urinary incontinence in Iranian women is 46%, which indicates the urgent need for attention to this problem.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Urinary incontinence

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 21، شماره 12
اسفند 1397
صفحه 94-102

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