بررسی تأثیر مشاوره شناختی رفتاری گروهی بر افسردگی حین بارداری: یک کارآزمایی بالینی شاهددار

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مشاوره در مامایی، گروه مامایی و سلامت مادر و کودک، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران.

2 دکترای بهداشت مادر و کودک، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری‌های متابولیک، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران.

4 دکترای بهداشت جامعه، گروه مامایی و سلامت مادر و کودک، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی قزوین، قزوین، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: زنان باردار از لحاظ سلامت روان، حساس و آسیب‌پذیر می‌باشد. از این رو ممکن است روان درمانی یک مداخله مؤثر جهت بهبود وضعیت روانی مادر باشد، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر درمان شناختی رفتاری گروهی بر افسردگی حین بارداری انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی در سال 96-1395 بر روی 60 زن باردار که در سن بارداری 22-12 هفته به مراکز سلامت کننده شهر قزوین مراجعه کرده بودند، انجام گرفت. تمام مادران منتخب بر اساس پرسشنامه بک دارای افسردگی در حد خفیف یا متوسط بودند که به‌صورت تصادفی به دو گروه 30 نفری آزمون و شاهد تقسیم شدند. گروه آزمون به مدت 6 هفته تحت درمان شناختی- رفتاری گروهی قرار گرفتند و گروه شاهد هیچ آموزشی دریافت نکردند. بلافاصله بعد از اتمام دوره و 2 ماه بعد، مجدداً آزمون بک به‌عنوان پس آزمون در تمام افراد اجرا گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 23) و آزمون ANOVA و کای دو انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس نتایج آزمون من‌ویتنی، تفاوت معنی‌داری بین گروه آزمون و شاهد در مراحل پس آزمون (001/0=p) و پیگیری (001/0p≤) وجود داشت. همچنین بر اساس تحلیل ANOVA در گروه آزمون از لحاظ کاهش علائم افسردگی (001/0p≤) در مرحله پس آزمون و پیگیری، تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت که این تفاوت‌ها در گروه شاهد مشاهده نشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: درمان شناختی- رفتاری گروهی، می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک رویکرد درمانی در بهبود افسردگی زنان باردار مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on gestational depression: A clinical trial

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atefeh Safaralinezhad 1
  • Sonya Oveisi 2
  • Mohamad ebrahim Sarichlu 3
  • Zinat Jourabchi 4
1 M.Sc. in Counseling in Midwifery, Department of Midwifery and Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
2 PhD in Maternal and Child Health, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
3 PhD Candidate of Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
4 PhD in Community Health, Department of Midwifery and Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Females are sensitive and vulnerable during pregnancy in terms of mental health. Psychotherapy may be an effective intervention to improve the mental status of the mothers. Regarding this, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on depression during pregnancy.
Method: This clinical trial was conducted on 60 pregnant women with the gestational age of 12-12 weeks, who referred to the health centers of Qazvin, Iran, within 2016-2017. All selected mothers had mild to moderate depression based on the Beck’s Depression Inventory. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=30) and control (n=30). The intervention group was subjected to cognitive-behavioral group therapy for six weeks, while the control group received no training. The Beck’s Depression Inventory was administered to all participants both immediately after the intervention and two months later as a post-test. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 23) using ANOVA and Chi-square test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: According to the results of the Mann-Whitney U test, there was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups at the post-test (P=0.001) and follow-up (P≤0.001). In addition, the results of ANOVA revealed a significant difference in the intervention group in terms of the reduction of depression symptoms (P≤0.001) at the post-test and follow-up stages. However, no significant changes were observed in the control group in this regard.
Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral group therapy was effective in the improvement of depression in pregnant women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy
  • Cognitive Therapy
  • Group therapy
  • Group Psychotherapy
  • Counseling
  • Depression
  • pregnancy

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 21، شماره 2
اردیبهشت 1397
صفحه 48-59

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