مقایسه تأثیرآموزش گروهی و انفرادی بر نگرانی و اضطراب زنان باردار پیرامون آزمایشات غربالگری اختلالات کروموزومی جنین

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت مبتنی بر شواهد، گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه زنان و مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت زنان، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استاد آمار زیستی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

5 دانشیار گروه آموزشی علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه:انجام آزمایشات غربالگری اختلالات کروموزومی جنین ممکن است باعث ایجاد نگرانی و اضطراب در مادران باردار شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف مقایسه تأثیر آموزش گروهی و انفرادی بر نگرانی و اضطراب زنان باردار پیرامون آزمایشات غربالگری اختلالات کروموزومی جنین انجام شد.
روش کار:این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی در سال 1393 بر روی 240 زن باردار با سن بارداری کمتر از 10 هفته، در مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی شهر مشهد انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها، فرم اطلاعات فردی، پرسشنامه نگرانی کمبریج و اضطراب اشپیلبرگر بود. در گروه های مداخله، آموزش انفرادی و گروهی طی دو جلسه به صورت هفته ای یک بار و طی دو هفته متوالی برگزار شد و در گروه کنترل، مراقبت معمول انجام شد. میزان نگرانی و اضطراب زنان باردار قبل از آموزش و نیز در هفته 22-20 بارداری در سه گروه اندازه گیری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون های آماری آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه، توکی و آزمون تی انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: میانگین نمره نگرانی زنان باردار در سه گروه آموزش انفرادی (03/8±55/17)، گروهی (87/8±48/19) و کنترل (06/5±18/24) اختلاف آماری معنی داری داشت (001/0=p). همچنین میانگین نمره اضطراب آشکار زنان باردار در سه گروه آموزش انفرادی (01/4±9/46)، گروهی (01/3±5/45) و کنترل (26/5±9/47) و میانگین نمره اضطراب پنهان در سه گروه آموزش انفرادی (34/4±86/45)، گروهی (36/4±73/46) و کنترل (08/5±32/44) اختلاف آماری معنی داری داشت (001/0=p).
نتیجه گیری: با توجه به مؤثر بودن روش های آموزش انفرادی و گروهی در کاهش نگرانی و اضطراب آشکار زنان باردار پیرامون آزمایشات غربالگری اختلالات کروموزومی جنین، می توان هر کدام از این روش های آموزشی را بر حسب شرایط محیط بالین برای ترغیب مادران باردار جهت استفاده از آزمایشات غربالگری استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing the Effects of Group and Individual Education on Worry and Anxiety of Pregnant Women about Fetal Chromosomal Disorders Screening Tests

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh kordi 1
  • Sahar Riyazi 2
  • Marzieh Lotfalizadeh 3
  • Mohammad Taghi Shakeri 4
  • Hosein Jafari Suny 5
1 Assistant professor, Department of Midwifery, Evidence-based caring research center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2 M.Sc. student of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3 Associate professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Health Research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
5 Associate professor, Department of Education Sciences, Mashhad Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Fetal chromosomal disorders screening tests may cause worry and anxiety in pregnant women. This study was conducted with aim to compare the effects of group and individual education on worry and anxiety of pregnant women about fetal chromosomal disorders screening tests.
Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 240 pregnant women with gestational age< 10 weeks at Mashhad health care centers in 2014. Data collection tool was individual information form, Cambridge worry and Spielberger anxiety inventory. In the intervention groups, individual and group education was held once a week for two sessions during two consecutive weeks, and in control group, the routine care was performed. The rate of worry and anxiety was measured before education and also in 20-22 weeks of pregnancy in three groups. Data was analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 16) and ANOVA, Tukey and T-test. PResults: Mean score of worry in pregnant women was significantly different in three groups of individual education (17.55±8.03), group education (19.48±8.87) and control group (24.18±5.06) (P=0.001). Also, mean score of state anxiety in pregnant women was significantly different in three groups of individual education (46.9±4.01), group education  (45.5±3.01) and control group (47.9±5.26), and mean score of trait anxiety was significantly different in three groups of individual education (45.86±4.34), group education (46.73±4.36) and control group (44.32±5.08) (P=0.001).
Conclusion: According to the effectiveness of individual and group education methods to reduce worry and state anxiety in pregnant women about fetal chromosomal disorders screening tests, each of these educational methods can be used on the basis of the clinical environment to encourage the women to use screening tests.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anxiety
  • Chromosomal Disorders
  • Education
  • Screening
  • Worry
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