ارتباط استفاده از شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی و گرایش به فرزندآوری در دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و فردوسی مشهد: مطالعه مقطعی

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 استاد گروه آمار زیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: از آنجا که میزان باروری با عوامل اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی مرتبط است، شناسایی دقیق این عوامل ضرورت دارد. ایران در مرحله نزول روند رشد جمعیتی قرار دارد و مواردی که می‌تواند نقش مؤثری در روند کاهش باروری داشته باشد، پیشرفت تکنولوژی است. نمونه‌ای از تکنولوژی، گسترش صنعت ارتباطات به ویژه شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین ارتباط بین استفاده از شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی و گرایش به فرزندآوری در دانشجویان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و فردوسی مشهد انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه مقطعی در سال 1394 بر روی 909 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه فردوسی و علوم پزشکی مشهد انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها شامل پرسشنامه اطلاعات فردی، پرسشنامه استفاده از شبکه‌های اجتماعی در 5 بعد و پرسشنامه گرایش به فرزندآوری بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 19) و آزمون‌های کولموگروف- اسمیرنوف و ضریب همبستگی اسپیرمن انجام شد. میزانp  کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: در میان ابعاد استفاده از شبکه‌های اجتماعی، شدت استفاده با درصد میانگین 60، از بقیه ابعاد بیشتر بود. نوع استفاده، شدت استفاده و میزان کنشگری با گرایش به فرزندآوری ارتباط مثبت و معنی‌داری داشتند (001/0>p) و میزان استفاده و طول مدت عضویت ارتباط معنی‌داری نداشتند (25/0=p). سن، بُعد خانوار و مقطع تحصیلی نیز با گرایش به فرزندآوری ارتباط منفی و معنی‌داری داشتند (002/0>p).
نتیجه‌ گیری: باروری افراد بیشتر متأثر از ویژگی‌های فردی مانند سن و بُعد خانوار است. به نظر می‌رسد به طور کلی استفاده از شبکه‌های اجتماعی مجازی بر کاهش تمایل به باروری تأثیری نداشته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between the use of virtual social networks and tendency to childbearing in the students of Ferdowsi and Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faezeh Ghorbani 1
  • Nahid Golmakani 2
  • Mohammad Taghi Shakeri 3
1 MSc Student of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Since fertility is associated with economic, social and cultural factors, accurate identification of these factors is necessary. Iran is in the decline of population growth and advance in technology can have an effective role in reducing fertility rate. An example of technology is the extension of communications industry especially virtual social networks. This study was performed with aim to determine the association between the use of virtual social networks and tendency to childbearing in the students of Ferdowsi and Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 909 students of Ferdowsi and Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire, the questionnaire of using virtual social networks in five dimensions and the questionnaire of tendency to childbearing. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 19) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Spearman correlation coefficient. PResults: Among the aspects of social networks, the intensity of use with mean percentage of 60 was the most common. Also, significant relation was found between type of use, intensity and reactivity with tendency to childbearing (P<0.001). The rate of use and duration of membership were not significantly related to childbearing. Age, family size and level of education had a negative significant relationship with tendency to childbearing (P<0.002).
Conclusion: Fertility is more influenced by the individual characteristics such as age and family size. It seems that the use of virtual social networks have no impact on reduced tendency to childbearing.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Childbearing
  • Population growth
  • Virtual social networks
  1. Adibi SM, Arjmand SE, Darvishzadeh Z. The investigation of fertility increase and effective factors on it among the kord clan in Andimeshk. J Iran Soc Dev Stud 2012; 4(1):81-98. (Persian).
  2. Chamratrithiong A, Hirschman C, Guest P. A multi- level analysis of the determinants of fertility in the four regions of Thailand. Asia Pac Popul J 1992; 7(1):51-64.
  3. Kim C, Laroche M, Tomiuk MA. The Chinese in Canada: a study in ethnic chang with emphasis on gender roles. J Soc Psychol 2004; 144(1):5-29.
  4. Erfani A, McQuillan K. Rapid fertility decline in Iran: analysis of intermediate variables. J Biosoc Sci 2008; 40(3):459-78.
  5. Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi M, McDonald P. Fertility decline in the Islamic Republic of Iran: 1972-2000. Asian Popul Stud 2006; 2(3):217-37.
  6. General population and housing census: preliminary results 2011. population and housing. Available at: URL: http://www.amar.org.ir; 2012.
  7. Mobasheri M, Alidosti M, Sorshajani S, Khosravi F, Khalafian P, Jalilian M. Determination of the most important factors influencing the fertility patterns of single child and without child families in Shahr-e-kord city in 2013. J Iilam Univ Med Sci 2013; 21(6):63-70.
  8. Fazeli E, Golmakani N, Taghipour A, Shakeri MT. Relationship between value of children and fertility rate in women referred to Mashhad health centers. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2014; 17(108):21-7. (Persian).
  9. Bigdeli M, Kalantari S, Alizade Agdam MB. Relationship between fertility rate and economic and social development. Soc Welfare Q 2007; 5(21):123-40. (Persian).
  10. Barat Dastgerdi N, Sayadi S. Relationship between using Social networks, internet addiction and depression in payamnour universities in Esfahan. J Behav Sci 2013; 10(5):332-41. (Persian).
  11. SHahabi M, Bayat G. Goal and motivation membership users in virtual social networks. Cult Commun Stud 2013; 13(20):61-86. (Persian).
  12. Pelling EL, White KM. The theory of planned behavior applied to young people's use of social networking web sites. Cyberpsychol Behav 2009; 12(6):755-9.
  13. Asgharkia A, Nourimoradabadi Y. Factors associated with the tendency of students to the social network facebook (comparative study of Iranian and American students). Stud Culte Commun 2013; 13(49):181-212. (Persian).
  14. Jafarpour M. Conceptualizing and studying the variables effective on how the virtual social networks are accepted and the role non governmental organization play in them. Mobil Strateg Stud Q 2012; 52:109-48. (Persian).
  15. Alizadeh E, Mousavizadeh M. The impact of family physician program in reference rate of people in health centers in Mazandaran University of medical sciences. J Med Council Iran 2013; 31(1):9-14. (Persian).
  16. Kianpour M, Adlipour S, Ahmadi HM. Interaction in facebook and its impact on modern identity of the youth in Isfahan. Global Med J 2014; 9(2):132-54. (Persian).
  17. Enayat H, Parnian L. The study of cultural globalization and tendency to fertility. Woman Soc Q 2013; 4(2):109-36. (Persian).
  18. Javadinia SA, Erfanian M, Abedini M, Bijari B. The effects of social networks on academic achievement of students, a study in Birjand University of Medical Sciences. Iran J Med Educ 2012; 12(8):598-606. (Persian).
  19. Ghodrati H, Ahmadi A, Mokhtari M, Afrasiabi H. Analysis of social capital and fertility in urban regions of Sabzevar. J Arid Reg Geograp Stud 2011; 1(4):79-94. (Persian).
  20. Ektabi R. The Reduction of fertility in Iran and its effective social, cultural and economic factors by emphasizing the family regulation role from 1986 to 1996, Case study: Isfahan city. [Master Thesis]. Isfahan, Iran: Sociology Discipline, Isfahan University; 2005. (Persian).
  21. Kalantari S, Bikmohammadi H, Zare Shahabadi A. The effective demographic factors on the Women's fertility in the Yazd city. Women Dev Politics 2004; 3(2):137-56. (Persian).
  22. Adlipour S. Sociological analysis of the implications of social networks on social identity young users Isfahan town. [Phd Dissertation]. Isfahan, Iran: Isfahan University; 2013.
  23. Soroush M, Bahrani S. A study of relationship between religiosity, sex role attitude, attitude toward children and ideal and actual number of children. Women Dev Politics 2013; 11(2):189-208. (Persian).
  24. Saraii H, Ojaghloo S. The generational study of marriage value change in Iran (case of study: women in Zanjan city). J Iran Soc Dev Stud. 2013; 5(4):19-42. (Persian).
  25. Mazinani K. Investigate the relationship between the use of social networks and user religious identity. Rahavarde Nour Q 2013; 13(46):22-36. (Persian).
  26. Ghoreshi F, Sedaghat K. Study of cultural and social factor’s role in social trust of Tabriz citizens. J Appl Soc 2010; 20(4):79-102. (Persian).
  27. Kertzer DI, White MJ, Bernardi L, Gabrielli G. Italy's Path to very low fertility: The adequacy of Economic and second demographic transition theories. Eur J Popul 2009; 25(1):89-115.
  28. Manski CF, Mayshar J. Private incentives and social interactions: fertility puzzles in Israel. J Eur Econom Assoc 2003; 1(1):181-211.
  29. Rad F, Savabi H. Investigation on tendency to fertility and its related social factors (a case study of married women aged 15 to 50 in Tabriz). J Woman Fam Stud 2016; 3(1):127-55. (Persian).