رابطه ترس از درد، ترس از زایمان و نگرش به سزارین با روش ارجح زایمان در زنان باردار

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی بهداشت جامعه، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه اپیدمیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

3 کارشناس بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

4 کارشناس ارشد آموزش بهداشت و ارتقاء سلامت، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: افزایش سریع میزان سزارین با توجه به عوارض شدیدتر سزارین نسبت به زایمان طبیعی، سزارین را به یکی از نگرانی‌های عمده در سلامت زنان تبدیل کرده است. با توجه به شیوع بالای سزارین در شهر بیرجند و اهمیت کاهش سزارین اولیه، مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین رابطه ترس از درد، ترس از زایمان و نگرش به سزارین با روش ارجح زایمان در زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به پایگاه‌های بهداشتی درمانی بیرجند انجام شد.
روش کار:این مطالعه مقطعی در سال 1392 بر روی 196 زن نخست باردار مراجعه کننده به پایگاه‌های بهداشتی - درمانی شهر بیرجند انجام شد. افراد پرسشنامه‌ اطلاعات فردی و روش ارجح زایمان، پرسشنامه ترس از درد، ترس از زایمان و نگرش به سزارین را تکمیل کردند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده ازنرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون‌های تست دقیق فیشر، کای ‌اسکوئر، تی‌مستقل، آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه، من‌ ویتنی و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: 154 نفر (1/81%) تمایل به انجام زایمان طبیعی و 104 نفر (7/54%) ترس زیادی از درد داشتند. 69 نفر (3/37%) از زایمان خیلی می‌ترسیدند. 160 نفر (5/85%) نگرش منفی و خیلی منفی به سزارین داشتند. بین روش ارجح زایمان با ترس از درد (047/0=p)، ترس از زایمان (012/0=p) و نگرش به سزارین (008/0=p) اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت. همچنین بین سطح تحصیلات همسر (017/0=p)، میزان درآمد خانواده (022/0=p) و فاصله ازدواج تا بارداری (001/0=p) با روش ارجح زایمان اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به اهمیت نگرش به سزارین و ترس از زایمان و تأثیر آن‌ها بر انتخاب روش زایمان و متعاقباً بر سلامت مادر و نوزاد، لزوم مداخلات در این زمینه به منظور اصلاًح نگرش افراد و کاهش ترس از زایمان در زنان نخست باردار شهر بیرجند احساس می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between fear of pain, fear of delivery and attitude towards cesarean section with preferred mode of delivery among pregnant women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bibi Narges Moasheri 1
  • Gholamreza Sharifzadeh 2
  • Vahideh Soltanzadeh 3
  • Zahra Khosravi Givshad 3
  • Fatemeh Rakhshany Zabol 4
1 Instructor of health community, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
2 Assistant professor, department of Epidemiology, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
3 BSc of Public Health, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
4 MSc in Health Education & Promotion, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, School of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Rapid increase in the rate of cesarean section (CS) according to severe complications of CS compared to vaginal delivery caused CS as one of the major concerns in women's health. Regarding to the high prevalence of CS in Birjand and the importance of reducing primary CS, this study was performed with aim to investigate the relationship between fear of pain, fear of delivery and attitude toward CS with preferred mode of delivery among pregnant women referring to health and treatment centers in Birjand.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 196 primiparous women referring to health and treatment centers of Birjand in 2013. Participants completed the questionnaires including demographic data and preferred mode of delivery, fear of pain, fear of delivery and attitude toward CS. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16), and Fisher exact test, Chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Pearson correlation coefficient tests. PResults: 154 women (81.1%) had tendency to vaginal delivery and 104 (54.7%) had high fear of pain. 69 (37.3%) had very fear of delivery. 160 (85.5%) had negative and very negative attitude to CS. There was significant differences between the preferred mode of delivery and fear of pain (P=0.047), fear of delivery (P=0.012), and attitude toward CS (P=0.008). Also, significant difference was observed between the preferred mode of delivery and educational level of husband (P=0.017), family income (P=0.022), and interval between marriage and pregnancy (P=0.001).
Conclusion: Regarding to the importance of attitude toward CS and fear of delivery and their impact on selecting mode of delivery and subsequently on maternal and neonatal health, interventions appears to be needed for modifying the attitudes and reducing fear of delivery in primiparous women in Birjand.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attitude toward delivery
  • Fear of delivery
  • Fear of pain
  • Primiparous Women
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