بررسیارتباط شاخص توده بدنی مادر با وزن هنگام تولد و زایمان زودرس و کم خونی مادر دربیمارستان شهید اکبرآبادی تهران سال 1387

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

2 . استاد گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 رزیدنت زنان، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: مطالعات اخیر نشان داده اند که زیاد و کم بودن وزن مادر قبل از بارداری با عوارض بارداری و نوزادی از جمله زایمان
زودرس و وزن کم هنگام تولد و یا ماکروزومی همراه است. مطالعه حاضربا هدف بررسی ارتباط بین شاخص توده بدنی مادر قبل از
بارداری و زایمان زودرس و وزن هنگامتولد انجام شد.
روش کار: اینمطالعه هم گروهی در سال 1387 بر روی 576 زن باردار مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان شهید اکبرآبادی شهر تهران
انجام شد. 396 نفر مطالعه را به اتمام رساندند. شاخص توده بدنی مادر در اولین ویزیت بارداری (بین هفته 12 -8 بارداری) محاسبه
و سپس مادران تا زمان زایمان پیگیری شدند. میزان زایمان زودرس و وزن هنگام تولد نوزادان در بیماران مورد مطالعه یادداشت
شد و سپس نتایج آنها در چهار گروه، مادران دارای وزن کم (شاخص توده بدنی کمتر از 20 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع)، وزن طبیعی
(شاخص توده بدنی 20 -24/9 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع)، وزن زیاد (شاخص توده بدنی 25 -29/9 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع) و چاق
(شاخص توده بدنی 30 -40 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه
15) و آزمون های تی، آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه، کای اسکوئر، ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، آزمون تحلیل ارتباط دو متغیر و مدل
رگرسیون خطی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. میزان p کمتر از 0/05 معنی داردر نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: بیماران 4 گروه از نظر سن، قد، سابقه سقط و شغل تفاوت معنی داری نداشتند (p<0/05). از 396 نفر، 21 نفر (5/3%)
دارای وزن کم، 198 نفر (50%) وزن طبیعی، 117 نفر (29/5%) وزن بالا و 60 نفر (15/2%) چاق بودند. هیچ مورد چاقی مفرط
وجود نداشت. چاقی به طور مثبت با سن بارداری بالاتر (r=0/213 ،p=0/015) و وزن تولد بالاتر (p=0/008 و r=0/361) ارتباط
داشت. به همین ترتیب وزن کم هنگام تولد با وزن کم مادر (p=0/041 و r=0/157) ارتباط داشت. بروز ماکروزومی در افراد چاق
بیشتر بود (p=0/022) و شاخص توده بدنی به طور مثبت با بروز ماکروزومی ارتباط نشان داد (r=0/224 ،p=0/034). زایمان
زودرس نیزبه طور منفی با شاخص توده بدنی ارتباط داشت (r= -0/124 ،p=0/004) و زایمان زودرس در زنان با وزن پایین بیشتر
.(p=0/035) شد مشاهده
زمان تولد و زایمان زودرس در مادران دارای وزن پایین بیشتر است.
 
نتیجه گیری: مادران دارای وزن بالا، دارای خطر بالاتری از نظر تولد نوزاد ماکروزوم هستند، در حالی که خطر نوزاد با وزن کم 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of the Relationship between Body Mass Index and Birth Weight, Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Maternal Anemia in Shahid Akbarabadi Hospital, Tehran, 2008

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fateme sharifzadeh 1
  • Maryam Kashanian 2
  • Sheyda Jouhari 3
1 . Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Resident of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Recent studies have reported that high and low maternal pre-pregnancy weight is accompanied with adverse pregnancy outcome including preterm labor and low birth weight or macrosomia. The purpose of the present study is to find the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and spontaneous preterm labor and birth weight.
Methods: This cohort study was performed on 576 pregnant women who referred to Shahid Akbarabadi hospital in Tehran in year 2008. 396 women finally finished the study. Maternal BMI was determined at the first prenatal visit (between 8-12 weeks of pregnancy) then the women were followed up to delivery. Gestational age at the time of delivery and neonatal weight were recorded and their results were investigated in four groups: underweight (BMI<20 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI=20-24.9 kg/m2), over weight (BMI=25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI=30-40 kg/m2). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 15), T-test, ANOVA, Chi-square and Pearson correlation tests and linear regression model. P less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The women in all BMI groups had no significant differences according to age, height, history of abortion and occupation. 21 women (5.3%) were underweight, 198 women (50%) had normal weight, 117 women (29.5%) were overweight and 60 (15.2%) were obese. No case of morbidly obese was seen.
Obesity had positive correlation with higher gestational age at the time of delivery (r=0.213, p=0.015) and more birth weight (r=0.361, p=0.008). In contrast, low birth weight had correlation with low maternal weight (r=0.157, p=0.041). Macrosomia was more in obese women (p=0.022) and BMI had positive correlation with macrosomia (r=0.224, p=0.034). Preterm labor showed a negative correlation with BMI (r=-0.124, p=0.004) and preterm labor was seen more in women with lower BMI (p=0.035).
Conclusion: Overweight women was more high risk for macrosomia, while, low birth weight (LBW) and spontaneous preterm labor were seen more in underweight mothers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Birth weight
  • Body mass index
  • Macrosomia
  • Obesity
  • pregnancy
  • Preterm Labor
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