تأثیر برنامه مشاوره فردی توسط ماما بر اضطراب دوران بارداری زنان نخست‌زا

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره در مامایی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت مبتنی بر شواهد، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 استاد گروه آمار زیستی، مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اضطراب دوران بارداری، یک مشکل شایع در زنان باردار است و پیامد نامطلوبی بر روی مادر و نوزاد دارد. ماما به‌عنوان فردی مسئول، نقش مهمی در ارائه مشاوره و مراقبت مادر در طول دوران بارداری، زایمان و پس از زایمان دارد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیر برنامه مشاوره فردی توسط ماما بر اضطراب دوران بارداری زنان نخست‌زا انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی در سال 95-1394 بر روی 90 زن نخست‌زا با سن حاملگی 30-28 هفته مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهر مشهد انجام شد‌. افراد به روش تصادفی به دو گروه 45 نفره مداخله و کنترل تقسیم شدند. در گروه مداخله، برنامه مشاوره فردی توسط ماما‌، بر اساس محتوی مدل مشاوره در مطالعه گمبل طی 3 جلسه (هر 2 هفته یک‌بار) برگزار گردید و در گروه کنترل، مراقبت‌های معمول انجام ‌شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها، پرسشنامه مشخصات فردی- مامایی و پرسشنامه اضطراب بک بود. میزان اضطراب قبل از مداخله و طی هفته‌های 36-34 بارداری در دو گروه اندازه‌گیری شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و آزمون‌های آماری کای‌اسکوئر و تی‌تست انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: میانگین نمره اضطراب در هفته 36-34 بارداری، در گروه مداخله 960/3±355/6 و در گروه کنترل 420/5±822/9 بود که بین دو گروه اختلاف آماری معنی‌داری وجود داشت (001/0p<).
نتیجه‌گیری: برنامه مشاوره فردی توسط ماما در طول بارداری، منجر به کاهش اضطراب دوران بارداری در زنان نخست‌زا می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Individual Counseling Program by a Midwife on Anxiety during Pregnancy in Nulliparous Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nafise Andaroon 1
  • Masoumeh Kordi 2
  • Sayed Ali Kimiaee 3
  • Habibollah Esmaily 4
1 M.Sc. Student of Consultation in Midwifery, Student Research Committee, school of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, Research Center for Evidence-based Health Care, school of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Research Center for Health Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Anxiety is a common problem among pregnant women, which has a negative impact on mother and neonate. Midwives are responsible for providing advice and giving care to mothers during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of individual counseling program by a midwife on anxiety during pregnancy in nulliparous women.
Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted among 90 primiparous women with the gestational ages of 28 to 30 weeks referred to healthcare centers of Mashhad, Iran, during 2015-2016. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control (45 individuals per group). The subjects in the intervention group received three sessions (once every two weeks) of the individual counseling program based on the content of the consultation model in the Gamble's study, and the control group got routine care. Data were collected using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and demographic characteristics form. The level of anxiety was measured at pre-intervention phase during the gestational ages of 34 to 36 weeks. Data analysis was performed using Chi-squared test and t-test with the help of SPSS software, version 16. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean scores of anxiety in the intervention and control groups were 6.355±3.960 and 9.822±5.420 during the gestational ages of 34-36 weeks, respectively, which represented a significant difference between the groups (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The individual counseling program provided by midwife during pregnancy resulted in reduced level of anxiety in the nulliparous women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Counseling
  • Anxiety
  • Nulliparous

مراجع

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 20، شماره 12
اسفند 1396
صفحه 86-95

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