Ethical Framework in Sex Education for Adolescents: A Systematic Review

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. of Midwifery, Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahar, Iran.

3 PhD Student of Midwifery, Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

4 Instructor, Department of Midwifery, Ahvaz Branch Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.

5 Instructor, Department of Midwifery, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.

6 PhD Student of Reproductive Health, Student Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

7 Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

10.22038/ijogi.2025.86625.6375

Abstract

Introduction: Sex education is one of the fundamental issues in promoting adolescent health, which has always faced cultural and social challenges. In such a context, developing a comprehensive ethical framework is an inevitable necessity. Therefore, this study was conducted with aim to examine the ethical framework of sex education for adolescents.
Methods: This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines through a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, as well as Google Scholar, using appropriate MeSH keywords from January 2013 to 6 March 2025. The methodological quality of the included studies was appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-QARI). In total, 14 high-quality studies were selected and analyzed.
Results: The results highlighted that parental consent plays a fundamental role in adolescent sex education, particularly in cases where parental influence might overshadow the identity and independent behavior of adolescents. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the significance of honesty in moral considerations when delivering sex education. Additionally, the educational content should be aligned with society's moral, cultural, and religious norms to enhance its effectiveness.
Conclusion: Focusing on the ethical framework in adolescent sex education can positively influence their attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors, ultimately contributing to the well-being of individuals, families, and communities.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Volume 28, Issue 5
July 2025
Pages 59-77

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