Role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in risk of breast cancer

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

2 Professor, Institute of biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

3 Ph.D Student in Animal Breeding (Molecular Genetics), Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Gene mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in germline can cause risk of breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes cause 20% of hereditary breast cancer. The majority of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations lead to premature protein termination. This study was performed with aim to investigate the role of BRCA1/2 mutations in risk of breast cancer and introduce some mutations associated with these genes.
Methods: In this systematic review, the information related to the role of BRCA1/2 genes in risk of breast cancer was obtained by searching in databases of PubMed, Scopus, Med-Line, Web of Science, Science Iranian Database and other related websites using the keywords of BRCA mutation, BRCA1, BRCA2, breast cancer and Iran during 1990 to 2015. Finally, 88 articles were chosen that were associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and their role in risk of breast cancer
Results: This review paper shows more than ever importance of identifying the gene mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers in different societies, especially in national and the necessity of planning for families with family history of breast cancer and also screening for mutations in these two genes is felt in clinical programs of the country.
Conclusion: BRCA1/2 genes have great importance and impact on the development and progression of breast cancer. Therefore, these genes can be considered as molecular markers in early detection of breast cancer.

Keywords

References

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The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Volume 19, Issue 19
August 2016
Pages 25-38

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