The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

Anticardiolipin Antibody titer in pregnant women with preeclampsia and healthy women: A Case-Control Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Darya Najafi 1
Saeedeh Sarhadi 2
Farahnaz Farzaneh 3
1 Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
10.22038/ijogi.2022.21586
Abstract
Introduction: Given the high prevalence of severe preeclampsia and its complications and the conflicting reports on the role of antiphospholipid antibodies, especially anti-cardiolipin, this study was performed aimed to compare the anti-cardiolipin antibody titer in pregnant women with preeclampsia and control group.
Methods: In this case-control study, 220 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy who referred to Ali ibn-e Abitaleb Hospital in Zahedan in 2012 were evaluated in two groups of pregnant women with preeclampsia and control group.  4 cc of blood samples were taken from all the women under study and sent to the laboratory for   tests under standard conditions. Anticardiolipin IgG and IgM levels were determined by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 19) and Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In the present study, the mean IgM antibody titers in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia were 1.0±856.842 mg/L and in the control group 2.1±215.610 mg/L which was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.531). Mean IgG antibody titers were also 2.1±468.163 mg/L in pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and 2.139±0.545 mg/L in the control group which was not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.345).
Conclusion: In this study, no correlation was found between the levels of anti-cardiolipin antibody titers in pregnant women with preeclampsia compared with normal pregnant women.
Keywords
Anti-Cardiolipin antibody
Preeclampsia
Pregnancy
  1. Branch DW, Andres RO, Digre KB, Rote NS, Scott JR. The association of antiphospholipid antibodies with severe preeclampsia. Obstetrics and Gynecology 1989; 73(4):541-5.
  2. Branch DW, Scott JR, Kochenour NK, Hershgold E. Obstetric complications associated with the lupus anticoagulant. N Engl J Med 1985; 313(21):1322-6.
  3. Sletnes KE, Wisløff F, Moe N, Dale PO. Antiphospholipid antibodies in pre‐eclamptic women: Relation to growth retardation and neonatal outcome. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1992; 71(2):112-7.
  4. McNeil HP, Simpson RJ, Chesterman CN, Krilis SA. Anti-phospholipid antibodies are directed against a complex antigen that includes a lipid-binding inhibitor of coagulation: beta 2-glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H). Proc Natl Acad Sci 1990; 87(11):4120-4.
  5. Matsuura E. Anticardiolipin cofactor (s) and differential diagnosis of autoimmune disease. Lancet 1990; 336:177-8.
  6. Galli M, Barbui T, Comfurius P, Maassen C, Hemker HC, Zwaal RF, et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) directed not to cardiolipin but to a plasma protein cofactor. The Lancet 1990; 335(8705):1544-7.
  7. Nishida H. Fetal growth curve of Japanese. Nippon Shinseiji Gakkai Zasshi 1984; 20:90-7.
  8. Schousboe I. beta 2-Glycoprotein I: a plasma inhibitor of the contact activation of the intrinsic blood coagulation pathway. Blood 1985; 66(5):1086-91.
  9. Yamamoto T, Yoshimura S, Geshi Y, Sakamoto T, Ogino M, Kobayashi T, et al. Anticardiolipin antibody in preeclampsia. Jpn J Clin Immunol 1992; 15(5):467-74.
  10. Loizou S, Mackworth-Young CG, Cofiner C, Walport MJ. Heterogeneity of binding reactivity to different phospholipids of antibodies from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and with syphilis. Clin Exp Immunol 1990; 80(2):171-6.
  11. Duley L. Maternal mortality associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1992; 99(7):547-53.
  12. Roberts JM, Cooper DW. Pathogenesis and genetics of pre-eclampsia. The Lancet 2001; 357(9249):53-6.
  13. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group. Report of the national high blood pressure education working group on high blood pressure in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 183:1-22.
  14. Masson PL, Delire M, Cambiaso CL. Circulating immune complexes in normal human pregnancy. Nature 1977; 266(5602):542-3.
  15. Mayhew TM, Ohadike C, Baker PN, Crocker IP, Mitchell C, Ong SS. Stereological investigation of placental morphology in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia with and without intrauterine growth restriction. Placenta 2003; 24(2-3):219-26.
  16. Gibbs RS, Karlan BY, Haney AF, Nyggard IE. Danforth’s Obstetrics and Gynecology. 10nd Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008.
  17. Fialova L, Mikulikova L, Matous-Malbohan I, Benesova O, Zwinger A. Prevalence of various antiphospholipid antibodies in pregnant women. Physiological Research 2000; 49(3):299-306.
  18. Yamamoto T, Takahashi Y, Geshi Y, Sasamori Y, Mori H. Anti‐Phospholipid Antibodies in Preeclampsia and Their Binding Ability for Placental Villous Lipid Fractions. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 1996; 22(3):275-83.
  19. Yamamoto T, Yoshimura S, Geshi Y, Mori H. [Role of autoantibody in preeclampsia]. Nihon Rinsho Meneki Gakkai Kaishi 1995;18(2):146-51.
  20. do Prado AD, Piovesan DM, Staub HL, Horta BL. Association of anticardiolipin antibodies with preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 116(6):1433-43.
  21. Kestlerová A, Feyereisl J, Frisová V, Měchurová A, Šůla K, Zima T, et al. Immunological and biochemical markers in preeclampsia. J Reprod Immunol 2012; 96(1-2):90-4.
  22. Hradecky L, Subrt I, Ulcova‐Gallova Z. Urgent termination of pregnancy in pre‐eclampsia and panel of antiphospholipid antibodies. Am J Reprod Immunol 2009; 62(6):412-7.
  23. Rai R, Regan L. Obstetric complications of antiphospholipid antibodies. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 1997; 9(6):387-90.
  24. van Pampus MG, Dekker GA, Wolf H, Huijgens PC, Koopman MM, von Blomberg BM, et al. High prevalence of hemostatic abnormalities in women with a history of severe preeclampsia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999; 180(5):1146-50.
  25. Lee RM, Brown MA, Branch DW, Ward K, Silver RM. Anticardiolipin and anti–β2-glycoprotein-I antibodies in preeclampsia. Obstetrics & Gynecology 2003; 102(2):294-300.
  26. Kaburaki J, Honma M, Funatsu Y. Clinical study and therapy of primary anti-phospholipid syndrome. Nihon Naika Gakkai zasshi. The Journal of the Japanese Society of Internal Medicine 1990; 79(10):1404-7.
  27. Farzaneh F, Tavakolikia Z, Soleimanzadeh Mousavi SH. Assessment of occurrence of preeclampsia and some clinical and demographic risk factors in Zahedan city in 2017. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension 2019; 41(6):583-8.
  28. Razavi M, Rashidi Fakari F, Jafari FS, Farzaneh F, Sargolzaei N. The role of uterine artery doppler ultrasound in the second trimester in predicting preeclampsia. Int J Pediatr 2019; 7(5):9405-11.
The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Volume 25, Issue 10
December 2022
Pages 39-45